δυνατός

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Ancient Greek

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From δύναμαι (dúnamai, to be able) +‎ -τός (-tós, verbal adjective suffix).[1]

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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δῠνᾰτός (dunatósm (feminine δῠνᾰτή, neuter δῠνᾰτόν); first/second declension

  1. strong, mighty
    • 484 BCE – 425 BCE, Herodotus, 9 31:
      ὅ τι μὲν ἦν αὐτῶν δυνατώτατον πᾶν ἀπολέξας ἔστησε ἀντίον Λακεδαιμονίων
      hó ti mèn ên autôn dunatṓtaton pân apoléxas éstēse antíon Lakedaimoníōn
      • 1920 translation by A. D. Godley
        In his arraying of them he chose out the strongest part of the Persians to set it over against the Lacedaemonians
    • 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, On the Refusal of a Pension 12:
      ὅτι δ᾽ ἐπὶ τοὺς ᾐτημένους ἵππους ἀναβαίνω, πειρᾶσθαι πείθειν ὑμᾶς ὡς δυνατός εἰμι
      • 1930 translation by W.R.M. Lamb
        because I mount borrowed horses, he should try to persuade you that I am.
    • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Oeconomicus 7.23:
      τῇ δὲ γυναικὶ ἧττον τὸ σῶμα δυνατὸν πρὸς ταῦτα φύσας τὰ ἔνδον ἔργα αὐτῇ, φάναι ἔφη, προστάξαι μοι δοκεῖ ὁ θεός.
      têi dè gunaikì hêtton tò sôma dunatòn pròs taûta phúsas tà éndon érga autêi, phánai éphē, prostáxai moi dokeî ho theós.
      • 1923 translation by E. C. Marchant
        To the woman, since he has made her body less capable of such endurance, I take it that God has assigned the indoor tasks.
    • 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Nemean Ode 9.39
    • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Memorabilia 2.1.19:
      ἢ ἵνα δυνατοὶ γενόμενοι καὶ τοῖς σώμασι καὶ ταῖς ψυχαῖς καὶ τὸν ἑαυτῶν οἶκον καλῶς οἰκῶσι καὶ τοὺς φίλους εὖ ποιῶσι καὶ τὴν πατρίδα εὐεργετῶσι
      ḕ hína dunatoì genómenoi kaì toîs sṓmasi kaì taîs psukhaîs kaì tòn heautôn oîkon kalôs oikôsi kaì toùs phílous eû poiôsi kaì tḕn patrída euergetôsi
      • 1921 translation by E. C. Marchant
        or to make themselves capable in body and soul of managing their own homes well, of helping their friends and serving their country?
    • 400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Hippias Minor 366:
      τοὺς ψευδεῖς φῂς εἶναι δυνατοὺς καὶ φρονίμους καὶ ἐπιστήμονας καὶ σοφοὺς εἰς ἅπερ ψευδεῖς.
      toùs pseudeîs phḕis eînai dunatoùs kaì phronímous kaì epistḗmonas kaì sophoùs eis háper pseudeîs.
      • 1925 translation
        the false are among the powerful and the wise, according to your statement.
    • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, 7 60:
      ὅσαι ἦσαν καὶ δυναταὶ καὶ ἀπλοώτεραι, πάντα τινὰ ἐσβιβάζοντες πληρῶσαι, καὶ διαναυμαχήσαντες, ἢν μὲν νικῶσιν, ἐς Κατάνην κομίζεσθαι.
      hósai êsan kaì dunataì kaì aploṓterai, pánta tinà esbibázontes plērôsai, kaì dianaumakhḗsantes, ḕn mèn nikôsin, es Katánēn komízesthai.
      • 1881 translation by Benjamin Jowett
        whether fit for service or not; they would then fight a decisive battle, and, if they conquered, go to Catana.
    • 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 351:
      ἐλέχθη γάρ που ὅτι καὶ δυνατώτερον καὶ ἰσχυρότερον εἴη ἀδικία δικαιοσύνης.
      elékhthē gár pou hóti kaì dunatṓteron kaì iskhuróteron eíē adikía dikaiosúnēs.
      • 1969 translation
        For the statement made, I believe, was that injustice is a more potent and stronger thing than justice.
    • 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, 10 31.8:
      ἐπὶ δὲ τοῖς χείλεσιν ἑκάστης ἐπέκειτο χαρακώματα διπλᾶ καὶ τελευταῖον προτείχισμα δυνατόν.
      epì dè toîs kheílesin hekástēs epékeito kharakṓmata diplâ kaì teleutaîon proteíkhisma dunatón.
      • 1922 translation by William Roger Paton
        Each defended at its edge by a double row of palisades, and behind all there was strong wall.
    1. (with infinitive) able to do
    2. (of outward power) powerful, influential
    3. able to produce
  2. (passive voice, of things) possible, practical
  3. (adverbial) strongly, powerfully
  4. (in phrases, such as, κατὰ τὸ δυνατόν, ὅσον δυνατόν) as much as is possible

Declension

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Greek: δυνατός (dynatós)

References

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  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “δύναμαι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 358

Further reading

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Greek

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Etymology

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From Ancient Greek δυνατός (dunatós).

Adjective

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δυνατός (dynatósm (feminine δυνατή, neuter δυνατό)

  1. strong, loud
  2. strong, powerful
  3. possible, potential

Declension

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Synonyms

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