θεάομαι

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

θηέομαι (thēéomai) — Epic, Ionic
θᾱέομαι (thāéomai) — Doric

Etymology

Usually compared to Sanskrit धी (dhī́), ध्यान (dhyāna), Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬉𐬨𐬀𐬥 (daēman), and other similar forms, ultimately derived from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeyh₂-. May have been first Proto-Hellenic *tʰāwéomai/*tʰāwáomai, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₂w-. Forte suggests that *dʰeyh₂- and *dʰeh₂w- are both variants of a more basic Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₂-, while Beekes takes the word and its relatives as Pre-Greek.^[1] See θαῦμα (thaûma) for more.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /tʰe.á.o.mai̯/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /tʰeˈa.o.mɛ/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /θeˈa.o.mɛ/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /θeˈa.o.me/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /θeˈa.o.me/

Verb

θεᾰ́ομαι • (theắomai) (Attic, Koine)

to view, watch, observe, gaze
- c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 24.418–419:
  θηοῖό κεν αὐτὸς ἐπελθὼν / οἷον ἐερσήεις κεῖται
  thēoîó ken autòs epelthṑn / hoîon eersḗeis keîtai
  You would marvel, if you came over yourself, / at how fresh-looking he lies.
to contemplate
to review

Conjugation

Present: θεᾰ́ομαι (Attic, uncontracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	θεᾰ́ομαι	θεᾰ́ῃ, θεᾰ́ει	θεᾰ́εται	θεᾰ́εσθον	θεᾰ́εσθον	θεᾰόμεθᾰ	θεᾰ́εσθε	θεᾰ́ονται
	subjunctive	θεᾰ́ωμαι	θεᾰ́ῃ	θεᾰ́ηται	θεᾰ́ησθον	θεᾰ́ησθον	θεᾰώμεθᾰ	θεᾰ́ησθε	θεᾰ́ωνται
	optative	θεᾰοίμην	θεᾰ́οιο	θεᾰ́οιτο	θεᾰ́οισθον	θεᾰοίσθην	θεᾰοίμεθᾰ	θεᾰ́οισθε	θεᾰ́οιντο
	imperative		θεᾰ́ου	θεᾰέσθω	θεᾰ́εσθον	θεᾰέσθων		θεᾰ́εσθε	θεᾰέσθων

infinitive						θεᾰ́εσθαι
participle	m					θεᾰόμενος
	f					θεᾰομένη
	n					θεᾰόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Present: θεῶμαι (Attic, contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	θεῶμαι	θεᾷ	θεᾶται	θεᾶσθον	θεᾶσθον	θεώμεθᾰ	θεᾶσθε	θεῶνται
	subjunctive	θεῶμαι	θεᾷ	θεᾶται	θεᾶσθον	θεᾶσθον	θεώμεθᾰ	θεᾶσθε	θεῶνται
	optative	θεῴμην	θεῷο	θεῷτο	θεῷσθον	θεῴσθην	θεῴμεθᾰ	θεῷσθε	θεῷντο
	imperative		θεῶ	θεᾱ́σθω	θεᾶσθον	θεᾱ́σθων		θεᾶσθε	θεᾱ́σθων

infinitive						θεᾶσθαι
participle	m					θεώμενος
	f					θεωμένη
	n					θεώμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Present: θεᾰ́ω (Koine, uncontracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	θεᾰ́ω	θεᾰ́εις	θεᾰ́ει	θεᾰ́ετον	θεᾰ́ετον	θεᾰ́ομεν	θεᾰ́ετε	θεᾰ́ουσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	θεᾰ́ω	θεᾰ́ῃς	θεᾰ́ῃ	θεᾰ́ητον	θεᾰ́ητον	θεᾰ́ωμεν	θεᾰ́ητε	θεᾰ́ωσῐ(ν)
	optative	θεᾰ́οιμῐ	θεᾰ́οις	θεᾰ́οι	θεᾰ́οιτον	θεᾰοίτην	θεᾰ́οιμεν	θεᾰ́οιτε	θεᾰ́οιεν
	imperative		θέᾰε	θεᾰέτω	θεᾰ́ετον	θεᾰέτων		θεᾰ́ετε	θεᾰόντων
		active
infinitive		θεᾰ́ειν
participle	m	θεᾰ́ων
	f	θεᾰ́ουσᾰ
	n	θεᾰ́ον

Present: θεῶ (Koine, contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	θεῶ	θεᾷς	θεᾷ	θεᾶτον	θεᾶτον	θεῶμεν	θεᾶτε	θεῶσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	θεῶ	θεᾷς	θεᾷ	θεᾶτον	θεᾶτον	θεῶμεν	θεᾶτε	θεῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	θεῴην, θεῷμῐ	θεῴης, θεῷς	θεῴη, θεῷ	θεῷτον, θεῴητον	θεῴτην, θεῳήτην	θεῷμεν, θεῴημεν	θεῷτε, θεῴητε	θεῷεν, θεῴησᾰν
	imperative		θέᾱ	θεᾱ́τω	θεᾶτον	θεᾱ́των		θεᾶτε	θεώντων
		active
infinitive		θεᾶν
participle	m	θεῶν
	f	θεῶσᾰ
	n	θεῶν

Present: θᾱέομαι (Doric, contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	θᾱέομαι, θᾶμαι					θᾱ́μεθᾰ	θᾶσθε
	subjunctive						θᾱ́μεθα	θᾶσθε
	optative
	imperative		θᾱ́εο

infinitive
participle	m					θᾱ́μενος
	f					θᾱμένη
	n					θᾱ́μενον
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Imperfect: ἐθεᾰόμην (Attic, uncontracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	ἐθεᾰόμην	ἐθεᾰ́ου	ἐθεᾰ́ετο	ἐθεᾰ́εσθον	ἐθεᾰέσθην	ἐθεᾰόμεθᾰ	ἐθεᾰ́εσθε	ἐθεᾰ́οντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Imperfect: ἐθεώμην (Attic, contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	ἐθεώμην	ἐθεῶ	ἐθεᾶτο	ἐθεᾶσθον	ἐθεᾱ́σθην	ἐθεώμεθᾰ	ἐθεᾶσθε	ἐθεῶντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Aorist: ἐθεᾱσᾰ́μην (Attic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	ἐθεᾱσᾰ́μην	ἐθεᾱ́σω	ἐθεᾱ́σᾰτο	ἐθεᾱ́σᾰσθον	ἐθεᾱσᾰ́σθην	ἐθεᾱσᾰ́μεθᾰ	ἐθεᾱ́σᾰσθε	ἐθεᾱ́σᾰντο
	subjunctive	θεᾱ́σωμαι	θεᾱ́σῃ	θεᾱ́σηται	θεᾱ́σησθον	θεᾱ́σησθον	θεᾱσώμεθᾰ	θεᾱ́σησθε	θεᾱ́σωνται
	optative	θεᾱσαίμην	θεᾱ́σαιο	θεᾱ́σαιτο	θεᾱ́σαισθον	θεᾱσαίσθην	θεᾱσαίμεθᾰ	θεᾱ́σαισθε	θεᾱ́σαιντο
	imperative		θέᾱσαι	θεᾱσᾰ́σθω	θεᾱ́σᾰσθον	θεᾱσᾰ́σθων		θεᾱ́σᾰσθε	θεᾱσᾰ́σθων
					middle
infinitive					θεᾱ́σᾰσθαι
participle	m				θεᾱσᾰ́μενος
	f				θεᾱσᾰμένη
	n				θεᾱσᾰ́μενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Aorist: ἐθᾱσᾰ́μᾱν (Doric)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	ἐθᾱσᾰ́μᾱν	ἐθᾱ́σω	ἐθᾱ́σᾰτο	ἐθᾱ́σᾰσθον	ἐθᾱσᾰ́σθᾱν	ἐθᾱσᾰ́μεθᾰ	ἐθᾱ́σᾰσθε	ἐθᾱ́σᾰντο
	subjunctive	θᾱ́σωμαι	θᾱ́σηαι	θᾱ́σηται	θᾱ́σησθον	θᾱ́σησθον	θᾱσώμεθᾰ	θᾱ́σησθε	θᾱ́σωνται
	optative	θᾱσαίμᾱν	θᾱ́σαιο	θᾱ́σαιτο	θᾱ́σαισθον	θᾱσαίσθᾱν	θᾱσαίμεθᾰ	θᾱ́σαισθε	θᾱ́σαιντο
	imperative		θᾶσαι	θᾱσᾰ́σθω	θᾱ́σᾰσθον	θᾱσᾰ́σθων		θᾱ́σᾰσθε	θᾱσᾰ́σθων
					middle
infinitive					θᾱ́σᾰσθαι
participle	m				θᾱσᾰ́μενος
	f				θᾱσᾰμένᾱ
	n				θᾱσᾰ́μενον
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Future: θεᾱ́σομαι (Attic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	θεᾱ́σομαι	θεᾱ́σῃ, θεᾱ́σει	θεᾱ́σεται	θεᾱ́σεσθον	θεᾱ́σεσθον	θεᾱσόμεθᾰ	θεᾱ́σεσθε	θεᾱ́σονται
middle	optative	θεᾱσοίμην	θεᾱ́σοιο	θεᾱ́σοιτο	θεᾱ́σοισθον	θεᾱσοίσθην	θεᾱσοίμεθᾰ	θεᾱ́σοισθε	θεᾱ́σοιντο
					middle
infinitive					θεᾱ́σεσθαι
participle	m				θεᾱσόμενος
	f				θεᾱσομένη
	n				θεᾱσόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Future: θᾱσέομαι (Doric, contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	θᾱσέομαι	θᾱσῇ	θᾱσεῖται	θᾱσεῖσθον	θᾱσεῖσθον	θᾱσεόμεθᾰ	θᾱσεῖσθε	θᾱσέονται
middle	optative	θᾱσεοίμᾱν	θᾱσέοιο	θᾱσέοιτο	θᾱσέοισθον	θᾱσεοίσθᾱν	θᾱσεοίμεθᾰ	θᾱσέοισθε	θᾱσέοιντο
					middle
infinitive					θᾱσεῖσθαι
participle	m				θᾱσόμενος
	f				θᾱσομένη
	n				θᾱσόμενον
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Perfect: τεθέᾱμαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle/passive	indicative	τεθέᾱμαι	τεθέᾱσαι	τεθέᾱται	τεθέᾱσθον	τεθέᾱσθον	τεθεᾱ́μεθᾰ	τεθέᾱσθε	τεθέᾱνται
	subjunctive	τεθεᾱμένος ὦ	τεθεᾱμένος ᾖς	τεθεᾱμένος ᾖ	τεθεᾱμένω ἦτον	τεθεᾱμένω ἦτον	τεθεᾱμένοι ὦμεν	τεθεᾱμένοι ἦτε	τεθεᾱμένοι ὦσῐ(ν)
	optative	τεθεᾱμένος εἴην	τεθεᾱμένος εἴης	τεθεᾱμένος εἴη	τεθεᾱμένω εἴητον, εἶτον	τεθεᾱμένω εἰήτην, εἴτην	τεθεᾱμένοι εἴημεν, εἶμεν	τεθεᾱμένοι εἴητε, εἶτε	τεθεᾱμένοι εἴησᾰν, εἶεν
	imperative		τεθέᾱσο	τεθεᾱ́σθω	τεθέᾱσθον	τεθεᾱ́σθων		τεθέᾱσθε	τεθεᾱ́σθων
						middle/passive
infinitive						τεθεᾶσθαι
participle	m					τεθεᾱμένος
	f					τεθεᾱμένη
	n					τεθεᾱμένον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

θεᾱτής (theātḗs)
θεᾱτός (theātós)
θέᾱτρον (théātron)

Related terms

θέᾱ (théā)
θεωρός (theōrós)

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “θέα”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 536