κέγχρος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• κέρχνος (kérkhnos)

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *kʰénkʰros, mostly derived from Proto-Indo-European *gʰer-gʰ-r-o- (“pulverized”), reduplicated from the root *gʰer- (“to rub, grind”) with dissimilation r…r > n…r, and further connected with Ancient Greek χερμάς (khermás), χεράς (kherás, “pebble, gravel”), but the etymology remains unclear. Per Beekes, this and similar words may be of Pre-Greek origin.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kéŋ.kʰros/ → /ˈceŋ.xros/ → /ˈceŋ.xros/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kéŋ.kʰros/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkeŋ.kʰros/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈceŋ.xros/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈceŋ.xros/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈceŋ.xros/

Noun

κέγχρος • (kénkhros) m (genitive κέγχρου); second declension

1. millet (Panicum miliaceum)

   Synonym: πᾰ́σπᾰλος (páspalos)

2. anything in small grains
   1. spawn of fish
   2. small beads
   3. speck, sty in the eye
3. a small kind of diamond

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ κέγχρος; τοῦ κέγχρου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ κέγχρος ho kénkhros	τὼ κέγχρω tṑ kénkhrō	οἱ κέγχροι hoi kénkhroi
Genitive	τοῦ κέγχρου toû kénkhrou	τοῖν κέγχροιν toîn kénkhroin	τῶν κέγχρων tôn kénkhrōn
Dative	τῷ κέγχρῳ tôi kénkhrōi	τοῖν κέγχροιν toîn kénkhroin	τοῖς κέγχροις toîs kénkhrois
Accusative	τὸν κέγχρον tòn kénkhron	τὼ κέγχρω tṑ kénkhrō	τοὺς κέγχρους toùs kénkhrous
Vocative	κέγχρε kénkhre	κέγχρω kénkhrō	κέγχροι kénkhroi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• κεγχραμίς (kenkhramís)
• Κεγχρεαί (Kenkhreaí)
• κεγχρεών (kenkhreṓn)
• κεγχριαῖος (kenkhriaîos)
• κεγχρίας (kenkhrías)
• κεγχρίνης (kenkhrínēs)
• κέγχρινος (kénkhrinos)
• κεγχρίς (kenkhrís)
• κεγχρίτης (kenkhrítēs)
• κεγχρώδης (kenkhrṓdēs)
• κεγχρώματα (kenkhrṓmata)
• κεγχρωτός (kenkhrōtós)

 

Descendants

• Greek: κεχρί (kechrí)
• → Translingual: Cenchrus

Further reading

• “κέγχρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• κέγχρος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN