καθαίρω
Appearance
Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From καθαρός (katharós, “clean”) + *-ϳω (*-jō).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ka.tʰǎi̯.rɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /kaˈtʰɛ.ro/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /kaˈθɛ.ro/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /kaˈθe.ro/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /kaˈθe.ro/
Verb
[edit]κᾰθαίρω • (kăthaírō)
- to make clean, to clean, cleanse
- to clear, purify; to purify from
- (religion) to purify
- (mediopassive voice) to purify oneself
- (medicine) to purge
- (horticulture) to remove growth from a plant, prune
- to sift
Usage notes
[edit]Definitions #1 and #2 can be used in a variety of senses including medical, ethical, spiritual, house-cleaning, etc.
The object may be the thing that one is cleaning, or the thing that is being removed by cleaning.
Inflection
[edit] Present: κᾰθαίρω, κᾰθαίρομαι
Imperfect: ἐκᾰ́θαιρον, ἐκᾰθαιρόμην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἐκᾰ́θαιρον | ἐκᾰ́θαιρες | ἐκᾰ́θαιρε(ν) | ἐκᾰθαίρετον | ἐκᾰθαιρέτην | ἐκᾰθαίρομεν | ἐκᾰθαίρετε | ἐκᾰ́θαιρον | ||||
| middle/ |
indicative | ἐκᾰθαιρόμην | ἐκᾰθαίρου | ἐκᾰθαίρετο | ἐκᾰθαίρεσθον | ἐκᾰθαιρέσθην | ἐκᾰθαιρόμεθᾰ | ἐκᾰθαίρεσθε | ἐκᾰθαίροντο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Perfect: κεκάθαρκᾰ, κεκάθαρμαι
Pluperfect: ἐκεκαθάρκειν, ἐκεκαθάρμην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἐκεκαθάρκειν, ἐκεκαθάρκη |
ἐκεκαθάρκεις, ἐκεκαθάρκης |
ἐκεκαθάρκει(ν) | ἐκεκαθάρκετον | ἐκεκαθαρκέτην | ἐκεκαθάρκεμεν | ἐκεκαθάρκετε | ἐκεκαθάρκεσᾰν | ||||
| middle/ |
indicative | ἐκεκαθάρμην | ἐκεκάθαρσο | ἐκεκάθαρτο | ἐκεκάθαρθον | ἐκεκαθάρθην | ἐκεκαθάρμεθᾰ | ἐκεκάθαρθε | ἐκεκαθάρᾰτο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
[edit]- ἀνακαθαίρω (anakathaírō)
- ἀποκαθαίρω (apokathaírō)
- διακαθαίρω (diakathaírō)
- ἐκκαθαίρω (ekkathaírō)
- κάθαρμα (kátharma)
- καθαρμός (katharmós)
- καθάρσιος (kathársios)
- κάθαρσις (kátharsis)
- καθαρτέον (kathartéon)
- καθαρτέος (kathartéos)
- καθαρτήρ (kathartḗr)
- καθαρτήριος (kathartḗrios)
- καθαρτής (kathartḗs)
- καθαρτικός (kathartikós)
- καθάρτρια (kathártria)
- καθαρώδης (katharṓdēs)
- περικαθαίρω (perikathaírō)
- συγκαθαίρω (sunkathaírō)
References
[edit]- “καθαίρω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “καθαίρω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “καθαίρω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- καθαίρω in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001), A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- καθαίρω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- G2508 in Strong, James (1979), Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- καθαίρω, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011