καρδία
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Ancient Greek
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- κᾰρδῐ́η (kardíē) — Ionic
- κάρζα (kárza) — Aeolic
- κορζῐ́ᾱ (korzíā) — Arcadocypriot
- κρᾰδῐ́ᾱ (kradíā) — Poetic
- κρᾰδῐ́η (kradíē) — Homeric
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Hellenic *kərdíyā, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥díyeh₂, from *ḱérd (“heart”). Cognate with Sanskrit हृदय (hṛ́daya), Latin cor, Old Armenian սիրտ (sirt), Old Church Slavonic срьдьце (srĭdĭce), Old English heorte (whence English heart).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /kar.dí.aː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /karˈdi.a/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /karˈði.a/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /karˈði.a/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /karˈði.a/
Noun
[edit]κᾰρδῐ́ᾱ • (kardíā) f (genitive κᾰρδῐ́ᾱς); first declension
- heart (as the source of emotion, love, etc.)
- mind
- stomach
- any hollow vessel
- center or inner part: pith (of wood), depth (of the sea)
Declension
[edit]Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἡ κᾰρδῐ́ᾱ hē kardíā |
τὼ κᾰρδῐ́ᾱ tṑ kardíā |
αἱ κᾰρδῐ́αι hai kardíai | ||||||||||
Genitive | τῆς κᾰρδῐ́ᾱς tês kardíās |
τοῖν κᾰρδῐ́αιν toîn kardíain |
τῶν κᾰρδῐῶν tôn kardiôn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῇ κᾰρδῐ́ᾳ têi kardíāi |
τοῖν κᾰρδῐ́αιν toîn kardíain |
ταῖς κᾰρδῐ́αις taîs kardíais | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὴν κᾰρδῐ́ᾱν tḕn kardíān |
τὼ κᾰρδῐ́ᾱ tṑ kardíā |
τᾱ̀ς κᾰρδῐ́ᾱς tā̀s kardíās | ||||||||||
Vocative | κᾰρδῐ́ᾱ kardíā |
κᾰρδῐ́ᾱ kardíā |
κᾰρδῐ́αι kardíai | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
[edit]- ἐρῠθροκᾰ́ρδῐος (eruthrokárdios)
Related terms
[edit]- κῆρ (kêr)
Descendants
[edit]- Greek: καρδιά (kardiá)
- Italiot Greek: cardia
- Mariupol Greek: кардъи́я (karðíja)
- → English: cardia (learned)
References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “καρδία”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 644
Further reading
[edit]- “καρδία”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “καρδία”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- καρδία in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- “καρδία”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G2588 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- “καρδία”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek 3-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek paroxytone terms
- Ancient Greek feminine nouns
- Ancient Greek first-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension