हृदय

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Hindi[edit]

Hindi Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia hi
हृदय

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Sanskrit हृदय (hṛdaya).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /ɦɾɪ.d̪əj/, /ɦɪɾ.d̪əj/

Noun[edit]

हृदय • (hŕday) m (Urdu spelling ہردی‎)

  1. (anatomy) heart
    रोगी का हृदय अभी भी धड़क रहा है।
    rogī kā hŕday abhī bhī dhaṛak rahā hai.
    The patient's heart is still beating.
    मेरा बाप का हृदय बहुत दुर्बल है।
    merā bāp kā hŕday bahut durbal hai.
    My father has a very weak heart.
    उसकी वाणी ने मेरे हृदय को छू दिया।
    uskī vāṇī ne mere hŕday ko chū diyā.
    His speech touched my heart.

Declension[edit]

Declension of हृदय (masc cons-stem)
singular plural
direct हृदय
hŕday 		हृदय
hŕday
oblique हृदय
hŕday 		हृदयों
hŕdayõ
vocative हृदय
hŕday 		हृदयो
hŕdayo

Synonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

  • Bahri, Hardev (1989), “हृदय”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
  • Caturvedi, Mahendra; Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970), “हृदय”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House

Marathi[edit]

Marathi Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia mr
हृदय

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Sanskrit हृदय (hṛdaya). Compare with Old Marathi हृदा (hṛdā).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

हृदय • (hruday) n

  1. (anatomy) heart
    Synonym: काळीज (kāḷīj)

Declension[edit]

Declension of हृदय (hruday)
direct
singular 		हृदय
hruday
direct
plural 		हृदये, हृदयं
hrudaye, hrudaya
singular plural
nominative हृदय
hruday 		हृदये, हृदयं
hrudaye, hrudaya
oblique हृदया-
hrudayā- 		हृदयां-
hrudayāN-
dative हृदयाला
hrudayālā 		हृदयांना
hrudayāNnā
ergative हृदयाने
hrudayāne 		हृदयांनी
hrudayāNni
instrumental हृदयाशी
hrudayāśi 		हृदयांशी
hrudayāNśi
locative हृदयात
hrudayāt 		हृदयांत
hrudayāNt
vocative हृदया
hrudayā 		हृदयांनो
hrudayāNno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions.
There is no space between the stem and the postposition.
Dative Note: -स (-sa) is archaic. -ते (-te) is limited to literary usage.
Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.
Genitive declension of हृदय
masculine object feminine object neuter object oblique
singular plural singular plural singular* plural
singular subject हृदयाचा
hrudayāċā 		हृदयाचे
hrudayāce 		हृदयाची
hrudayāci 		हृदयाच्या
hrudayāca 		हृदयाचे, हृदयाचं
hrudayāce, hrudayāċa 		हृदयाची
hrudayāci 		हृदयाच्या
hrudayāca
plural subject हृदयांचा
hrudayāNċā 		हृदयांचे
hrudayāNce 		हृदयांची
hrudayāNci 		हृदयांच्या
hrudayāNca 		हृदयांचे, हृदयांचं
hrudayāNce, hrudayāNċa 		हृदयांची
hrudayāNci 		हृदयांच्या
hrudayāNca
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a).
Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Derived terms[edit]

See also[edit]

Nepali[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

हृदय • (hr̥daya)

  1. heart

See also[edit]

Sanskrit[edit]

Alternative scripts[edit]

Alternative scripts

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰŕ̥dayam, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥d-, oblique case stem of *ḱḗr (“heart”).

Cognate with Avestan 𐬰𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬛‎ (zərəd); Ancient Greek καρδίᾱ (kardíā) → English cardiac; Hittite 𒆠𒅕 (kir), Old Church Slavonic срьдьцє (srĭdĭce), Lithuanian širdìs; Latin cors, cord- → English cordial; Old English heorte (whence English heart).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

हृदय • (hṛ́daya) root form, n

  1. the heart
    • RV 6.53.8c
      यां पूषन्ब्रह्मचोदनीमारां बिभर्ष्याघृणे।
      तया समस्य हृदयमा रिख किकिरा कृणु॥
      yāṃ pūṣanbrahmacodanīmārāṃ bibharṣyāghṛṇe.
      tayā samasya hṛdayamā rikha kikirā kṛṇu.
      Thou, glowing Pūṣan, carriest an awl that urgeth men to prayer;
      Therewith dost thou tear up and rend to shreds the heart of every one.
  2. soul, mind, spirit (as the seat of mental operations)
    • RV 6.9.6b
      वि मे कर्णा पतयतो वि चक्षुर्वीदं ज्योतिर्हृदय आहितं यत्।
      वि मे मनश्चरति दूरआधीः किं स्विद्वक्ष्यामि किमु नू मनिष्ये॥
      vi me karṇā patayato vi cakṣurvīdaṃ jyotirhṛdaya āhitaṃ yat.
      vi me manaścarati dūraādhīḥ kiṃ svidvakṣyāmi kimu nū maniṣye.
      Mine ears unclose to hear, mine eye to see him; the light that harbours in my spirit broadens.
      Far roams my mind whose thoughts are in the distance. What shall I speak, what shall I now imagine?
  3. the heart or interior of the body
  4. (figuratively) the heart, center, core, essence, or best or dearest or most secret part of anything
  5. (figuratively) true or divine knowledge
  6. (figuratively) the Vedas
  7. (figuratively) science

Declension[edit]

Neuter a-stem declension of हृदय (hṛ́daya)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative हृदयम्
hṛ́dayam 		हृदये
hṛ́daye 		हृदयानि / हृदया¹
hṛ́dayāni / hṛ́dayā¹
Vocative हृदय
hṛ́daya 		हृदये
hṛ́daye 		हृदयानि / हृदया¹
hṛ́dayāni / hṛ́dayā¹
Accusative हृदयम्
hṛ́dayam 		हृदये
hṛ́daye 		हृदयानि / हृदया¹
hṛ́dayāni / hṛ́dayā¹
Instrumental हृदयेन
hṛ́dayena 		हृदयाभ्याम्
hṛ́dayābhyām 		हृदयैः / हृदयेभिः¹
hṛ́dayaiḥ / hṛ́dayebhiḥ¹
Dative हृदयाय
hṛ́dayāya 		हृदयाभ्याम्
hṛ́dayābhyām 		हृदयेभ्यः
hṛ́dayebhyaḥ
Ablative हृदयात्
hṛ́dayāt 		हृदयाभ्याम्
hṛ́dayābhyām 		हृदयेभ्यः
hṛ́dayebhyaḥ
Genitive हृदयस्य
hṛ́dayasya 		हृदययोः
hṛ́dayayoḥ 		हृदयानाम्
hṛ́dayānām
Locative हृदये
hṛ́daye 		हृदययोः
hṛ́dayayoḥ 		हृदयेषु
hṛ́dayeṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Descendants[edit]

Adjective[edit]

हृदय • (hṛ́daya)

  1. going to the heart
    1. (by extension) inward

Declension[edit]

Masculine a-stem declension of हृदय
Nom. sg. हृदयः (hṛdayaḥ)
Gen. sg. हृदयस्य (hṛdayasya)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative हृदयः (hṛdayaḥ) हृदयौ (hṛdayau) हृदयाः (hṛdayāḥ)
Vocative हृदय (hṛdaya) हृदयौ (hṛdayau) हृदयाः (hṛdayāḥ)
Accusative हृदयम् (hṛdayam) हृदयौ (hṛdayau) हृदयान् (hṛdayān)
Instrumental हृदयेन (hṛdayena) हृदयाभ्याम् (hṛdayābhyām) हृदयैः (hṛdayaiḥ)
Dative हृदयाय (hṛdayāya) हृदयाभ्याम् (hṛdayābhyām) हृदयेभ्यः (hṛdayebhyaḥ)
Ablative हृदयात् (hṛdayāt) हृदयाभ्याम् (hṛdayābhyām) हृदयेभ्यः (hṛdayebhyaḥ)
Genitive हृदयस्य (hṛdayasya) हृदययोः (hṛdayayoḥ) हृदयानाम् (hṛdayānām)
Locative हृदये (hṛdaye) हृदययोः (hṛdayayoḥ) हृदयेषु (hṛdayeṣu)
Feminine ā-stem declension of हृदय
Nom. sg. हृदया (hṛdayā)
Gen. sg. हृदयायाः (hṛdayāyāḥ)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative हृदया (hṛdayā) हृदये (hṛdaye) हृदयाः (hṛdayāḥ)
Vocative हृदये (hṛdaye) हृदये (hṛdaye) हृदयाः (hṛdayāḥ)
Accusative हृदयाम् (hṛdayām) हृदये (hṛdaye) हृदयाः (hṛdayāḥ)
Instrumental हृदयया (hṛdayayā) हृदयाभ्याम् (hṛdayābhyām) हृदयाभिः (hṛdayābhiḥ)
Dative हृदयायै (hṛdayāyai) हृदयाभ्याम् (hṛdayābhyām) हृदयाभ्यः (hṛdayābhyaḥ)
Ablative हृदयायाः (hṛdayāyāḥ) हृदयाभ्याम् (hṛdayābhyām) हृदयाभ्यः (hṛdayābhyaḥ)
Genitive हृदयायाः (hṛdayāyāḥ) हृदययोः (hṛdayayoḥ) हृदयानाम् (hṛdayānām)
Locative हृदयायाम् (hṛdayāyām) हृदययोः (hṛdayayoḥ) हृदयासु (hṛdayāsu)
Neuter a-stem declension of हृदय
Nom. sg. हृदयम् (hṛdayam)
Gen. sg. हृदयस्य (hṛdayasya)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative हृदयम् (hṛdayam) हृदये (hṛdaye) हृदयानि (hṛdayāni)
Vocative हृदय (hṛdaya) हृदये (hṛdaye) हृदयानि (hṛdayāni)
Accusative हृदयम् (hṛdayam) हृदये (hṛdaye) हृदयानि (hṛdayāni)
Instrumental हृदयेन (hṛdayena) हृदयाभ्याम् (hṛdayābhyām) हृदयैः (hṛdayaiḥ)
Dative हृदयाय (hṛdayāya) हृदयाभ्याम् (hṛdayābhyām) हृदयेभ्यः (hṛdayebhyaḥ)
Ablative हृदयात् (hṛdayāt) हृदयाभ्याम् (hṛdayābhyām) हृदयेभ्यः (hṛdayebhyaḥ)
Genitive हृदयस्य (hṛdayasya) हृदययोः (hṛdayayoḥ) हृदयानाम् (hṛdayānām)
Locative हृदये (hṛdaye) हृदययोः (hṛdayayoḥ) हृदयेषु (hṛdayeṣu)

References[edit]

  • Monier Williams (1899), “हृदय”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1302/3.
  • “हृदय” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 666.
  • Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893), “हृदय”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 380
  • Horace Hayman Wilson, A dictionary in Sanscrit and English, 2nd ed., Calcutta: Education Press, Circular Road, 1832, page 978
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “hṛ́daya”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 818
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 818
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