κόπτω
Ancient Greek
Etymology
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From Proto-Indo-European *(s)kop- (“to strike, to beat”).
Confer Old Church Slavonic скопити (skopiti, “castrate”), Lithuanian kaplys (“hatchet”), Old High German happa (“scythe”), English hatchet.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /kóp.tɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈkop.to/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈkop.to/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈkop.to/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈkop.to/
Verb
κόπτω • (kóptō)
- (transitive) strike; cut; shake
Inflection
Present: κόπτω, κόπτομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔκοπτον | ἔκοπτες | ἔκοπτε(ν) | ἐκόπτετον | ἐκοπτέτην | ἐκόπτομεν | ἐκόπτετε | ἔκοπτον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐκοπτόμην | ἐκόπτου | ἐκόπτετο | ἐκόπτεσθον | ἐκοπτέσθην | ἐκοπτόμεθᾰ | ἐκόπτεσθε | ἐκόπτοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | κόψω | κόψεις | κόψει | κόψετον | κόψετον | κόψομεν | κόψετε | κόψουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | κόψοιμῐ | κόψοις | κόψοι | κόψοιτον | κοψοίτην | κόψοιμεν | κόψοιτε | κόψοιεν | |||||
middle | indicative | κόψομαι | κόψῃ, κόψει |
κόψεται | κόψεσθον | κόψεσθον | κοψόμεθᾰ | κόψεσθε | κόψονται | ||||
optative | κοψοίμην | κόψοιο | κόψοιτο | κόψοισθον | κοψοίσθην | κοψοίμεθᾰ | κόψοισθε | κόψοιντο | |||||
passive | indicative | κοπήσομαι | κοπήσῃ | κοπήσεται | κοπήσεσθον | κοπήσεσθον | κοπησόμεθᾰ | κοπήσεσθε | κοπήσονται | ||||
optative | κοπησοίμην | κοπήσοιο | κοπήσοιτο | κοπήσοισθον | κοπησοίσθην | κοπησοίμεθᾰ | κοπήσοισθε | κοπήσοιντο | |||||
active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
infinitive | κόψειν | κόψεσθαι | κοπήσεσθαι | ||||||||||
participle | m | κόψων | κοψόμενος | κοπησόμενος | |||||||||
f | κόψουσᾰ | κοψομένη | κοπησομένη | ||||||||||
n | κόψον | κοψόμενον | κοπησόμενον | ||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Future perfect: κεκόψομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | κεκόψομαι | κεκόψῃ, κεκόψει |
κεκόψεται | κεκόψεσθον | κεκόψεσθον | κεκοψόμεθᾰ | κεκόψεσθε | κεκόψονται | ||||
optative | κεκοψοίμην | κεκόψοιο | κεκόψοιτο | κεκόψοισθον | κεκοψοίσθην | κεκοψοίμεθᾰ | κεκόψοισθε | κεκόψοιντο | |||||
middle/passive | |||||||||||||
infinitive | κεκόψεσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | κεκοψόμενος | |||||||||||
f | κεκοψομένη | ||||||||||||
n | κεκοψόμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Derived terms
References
- “κόπτω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “κόπτω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “κόπτω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- κόπτω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- G2875 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
Greek
Pronunciation
Verb
κόπτω • (kópto) (past έκοψα, passive κόπτομαι)
Conjugation
Related terms
-κόπτω compounds and their derivatives
- ανακόπτω (anakópto, “halt”)
- αποκόπτω (apokópto, “cut off, sever”)
- διακόπτω (diakópto, “interrupt; terminate”)
- περικόπτω (perikópto, “trim; slash”)
- προσκόπτω (proskópto, “meet with difficulties”)
- συγκόπτω (sygkópto, “shorten, abridge”)
Other stem κοπτ- words:
- απρόσκοπτος (apróskoptos)
- καφεκοπτείο (kafekopteío)
- κοπτήρας m (koptíras, “incisor”)
- κοπτήριο n (koptírio)
- κόπτης m (kóptis, “cutter, wire cutter”)
- Κόπτης m (Kóptis, “Copt”)
- κοπτικός (koptikós)
- κοπτοράπτης m (koptoráptis)
- νυχοκόπτης m (nychokóptis)
- χαρτοκόπτης m (chartokóptis)
- χαρτοκοπτική f (chartokoptikí)
- χρονοδιακόπτης m (chronodiakóptis)
Perfective stem κοπ- and more stems → see κόβω (kóvo)