λαιός

See also: Λάϊος

Ancient Greek

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /lai̯.ós/ → /lɛˈos/ → /leˈos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /lai̯.ós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /lɛˈos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /lɛˈos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /leˈos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /leˈos/

Etymology 1

From *λαιϝός, from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂iwos (“left”). Cognates include Latin laevus and Proto-Slavic *lěvъ.

Adjective

λαιός • (laiós) m (feminine λαιᾱ́, neuter λαιόν); first/second declension

1. left (opposite of right)

   Synonyms: ἀριστερός (aristerós), σκαιός (skaiós)

   Antonym: δεξιός (dexiós)

2. awkward

Inflection

First and second declension of λαιός; λαιᾱ́; λαιόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		λαιός laiós	λαιᾱ́ laiā́	λαιόν laión		λαιώ laiṓ	λαιᾱ́ laiā́	λαιώ laiṓ		λαιοί laioí	λαιαί laiaí	λαιᾰ́ laiắ
Genitive		λαιοῦ laioû	λαιᾶς laiâs	λαιοῦ laioû		λαιοῖν laioîn	λαιαῖν laiaîn	λαιοῖν laioîn		λαιῶν laiôn	λαιῶν laiôn	λαιῶν laiôn
Dative		λαιῷ laiôi	λαιᾷ laiâi	λαιῷ laiôi		λαιοῖν laioîn	λαιαῖν laiaîn	λαιοῖν laioîn		λαιοῖς laioîs	λαιαῖς laiaîs	λαιοῖς laioîs
Accusative		λαιόν laión	λαιᾱ́ν laiā́n	λαιόν laión		λαιώ laiṓ	λαιᾱ́ laiā́	λαιώ laiṓ		λαιούς laioús	λαιᾱ́ς laiā́s	λαιᾰ́ laiắ
Vocative		λαιέ laié	λαιᾱ́ laiā́	λαιόν laión		λαιώ laiṓ	λαιᾱ́ laiā́	λαιώ laiṓ		λαιοί laioí	λαιαί laiaí	λαιᾰ́ laiắ
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		λαιῶς laiôs				λαιότερος laióteros				λαιότᾰτος laiótătos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Etymology 2

Probably related to λᾶᾰς (lâăs, “stone”), due to the rock thrush's habit of nesting in rock cavities.

Noun

λαιός • (laiós) m (genitive λαιοῦ); second declension

1. blue rock thrush, Monticola solitarius (syn. Petrocichla cyanus)

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ λαιός; τοῦ λαιοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ λαιός ho laiós	τὼ λαιώ tṑ laiṓ	οἱ λαιοί hoi laioí
Genitive	τοῦ λαιοῦ toû laioû	τοῖν λαιοῖν toîn laioîn	τῶν λαιῶν tôn laiôn
Dative	τῷ λαιῷ tôi laiôi	τοῖν λαιοῖν toîn laioîn	τοῖς λαιοῖς toîs laioîs
Accusative	τὸν λαιόν tòn laión	τὼ λαιώ tṑ laiṓ	τοὺς λαιούς toùs laioús
Vocative	λαιέ laié	λαιώ laiṓ	λαιοί laioí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

See also

• λαίβα (laíba)
• λαῖφα (laîpha)
• λαῖτα (laîta)
• λαφός (laphós)

Further reading

• “λαιός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “λαιός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• λαιός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • left idem, page 484.
• “λαιός”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011