οἶς

See also: ὄϊς, -οις, and οἷς

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ὄῐ̈ς (óĭ̈s) — rare in Attic; chiefly Epic and Ionic
• οἶῐ̈ς (oîĭ̈s) — later Epic

Etymology

Contracted form of ὄϊς (óïs), from Proto-Hellenic *ówis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ówis. Cognate with Sanskrit अवि (ávi), Latin ovis, and Old English eowu (English ewe). Apparently a doublet of κῶας (kôas) via Anatolian.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ôi̯s/ → /ˈys/ → /ˈis/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ôi̯s/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈys/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈys/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈys/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈis/

Noun

οἶς • (oîs) m or f (genitive οἰός); third declension

1. (Attic, Epic, Ionic) sheep (either a ram or ewe)

   Synonyms: πρόβατον (próbaton), ἀρήν (arḗn)

   Hypernyms: κριός (kriós), κτίλος (ktílos), ἀμνάς (amnás)

Declension

Third declension of ὁ / ἡ οἶς; τοῦ / τῆς οἰός (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ / ἡ οἶς ho / hē oîs	τὼ οἶε tṑ oîe	οἱ / αἱ οἶες hoi / hai oîes
Genitive	τοῦ / τῆς οἰός toû / tês oiós	τοῖν οἰοῖν toîn oioîn	τῶν οἰῶν tôn oiôn
Dative	τῷ / τῇ οἰῐ̈́ / ὀῑ̈́ tōî / tēî oiĭ̈́ / oī̈́	τοῖν οἰοῖν toîn oioîn	τοῖς / ταῖς οἰσῐ́ / οἰσῐ́ν toîs / taîs oisĭ́(n)
Accusative	τὸν / τὴν οἶν tòn / tḕn oîn	τὼ οἶε tṑ oîe	τοὺς / τᾱ̀ς οἶς / οἶᾰς toùs / tā̀s oîs / oîăs
Vocative	οἶ oî	οἶε oîe	οἶες oîes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of οἶς; οἰός (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	οἶς oîs	οἶε oîe	οἶες oîes
Genitive	οἰός oiós	οἰοῖῐ̈ν oioîĭ̈n	οἰῶν oiôn
Dative	οἰῐ̈́ / ᾦ oiĭ̈́ / ōî	οἰοῖῐ̈ν oioîĭ̈n	οἰσῐ́ / οἰσῐ́ν / οἴεσῐ / οἴεσῐν / οἴεσσῐ / οἴεσσῐν oisĭ́(n) / oíesĭ(n) / oíessĭ(n)
Accusative	οἶν oîn	οἶε oîe	οἶᾰς / οἶς oîăs / oîs
Vocative	οἶ oî	οἶε oîe	οἶες oîes
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Third declension of ὁ / ἡ οἶς; τοῦ / τῆς οἰός (Ionic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ / ἡ οἶς ho / hē oîs	τὼ οἶε tṑ oîe	οἱ / αἱ οἶες hoi / hai oîes
Genitive	τοῦ / τῆς οἰός toû / tês oiós	τοῖν οἰοῖν toîn oioîn	τῶν οἰῶν tôn oiôn
Dative	τῷ / τῇ οἰῐ̈́ tōî / tēî oiĭ̈́	τοῖν οἰοῖν toîn oioîn	τοῖσῐ / τοῖσῐν οἰσῐ́ / οἰσῐ́ν toîsĭ(n) oisĭ́(n)
Accusative	τὸν / τὴν οἶᾰ tòn / tḕn oîă	τὼ οἶε tṑ oîe	τοὺς / τᾱ̀ς οἶᾰς / οἶς toùs / tā̀s oîăs / oîs
Vocative	οἶ oî	οἶε oîe	οἶες oîes
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

• κᾰτοιᾰ́δες (kătoiắdes)
• ὄᾱ (óā)
• ὀέᾱ (oéā)
• οἰᾰ́τειον (oiắteion)
• οἰᾰ́τειος (oiắteios)
• ὀῐ̈́δῐον (oĭ̈́dĭon)
• οἴδῐον (oídĭon)
• οἰέᾱς (oiéās)
• οἴεος (oíeos)
• οἰῐ̈́ᾱς (oiĭ̈́ās)
• οἶῐ̈ς (oîĭ̈s)
• οἰοβουκόλος (oioboukólos)
• οἰονόμος (oionómos)
• οἰοπέδη (oiopédē)
• οἰοπολέω (oiopoléō)
• οἰοπόλος (oiopólos)
• ὄῐ̈ος (óĭ̈os)
• οἰοφᾰ́γος (oiophắgos)
• οἰοχῐ́των (oiokhĭ́tōn)
• ὀῐ̈σπᾰ́τη (oĭ̈spắtē)
• οἰσπᾰ́τη (oispắtē)
• οἴσπη (oíspē)
• οἰσπότη (oispótē)
• οἰσπώτη (oispṓtē)
• οἰσῠ́πη (oisŭ́pē)
• οἴσῠπος (oísŭpos)
• οἰωτός (oiōtós)
• ᾤα (ōía)

Further reading

• “οἶς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • ewe idem, page 286.
  • sheep idem, page 764.