πέτρος

See also: Πέτρος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Of Pre-Greek origin. Related to πέτρα (pétra, “rock formation”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pé.tros/ → /ˈpe.tros/ → /ˈpe.tros/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pé.tros/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpe.tros/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈpe.tros/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈpe.tros/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈpe.tros/

Noun

πέτρος • (pétros) m or f (genitive πέτρου); second declension

1. rock, stone, boulder
2. type of reed

Usage notes

• Originally masculine, feminine in later poets.

Declension

Second declension of ὁ / ἡ πέτρος; τοῦ / τῆς πέτρου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ / ἡ πέτρος ho / hē pétros	τὼ πέτρω tṑ pétrō	οἱ / αἱ πέτροι hoi / hai pétroi
Genitive	τοῦ / τῆς πέτρου toû / tês pétrou	τοῖν πέτροιν toîn pétroin	τῶν πέτρων tôn pétrōn
Dative	τῷ / τῇ πέτρῳ tōî / tēî pétrōi	τοῖν πέτροιν toîn pétroin	τοῖς / ταῖς πέτροις toîs / taîs pétrois
Accusative	τὸν / τὴν πέτρον tòn / tḕn pétron	τὼ πέτρω tṑ pétrō	τοὺς / τᾱ̀ς πέτρους toùs / tā̀s pétrous
Vocative	πέτρε pétre	πέτρω pétrō	πέτροι pétroi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Synonyms

• (stone): λίθος (líthos)

Derived terms

• πάντα κινῆσαι πέτρον (pánta kinêsai pétron, “leave no stone unturned”)

Further reading

• “πέτρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “πέτρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “πέτρος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• πέτρος in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• πέτρος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “πέτρος”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • boulder idem, page 90.
  • crag idem, page 182.
  • rock idem, page 719.
  • stone idem, page 819.