πρᾶγμα

See also: πράγμα

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• πρῆγμᾰ (prêgma), πρῆχμᾰ (prêkhma) – Ionic

Etymology

From πρᾱ́σσω (prā́ssō, “I do, practice”) +‎ -μᾰ (-ma, result noun suffix).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /prâːŋ.ma/ → /ˈpraɣ.ma/ → /ˈpraɣ.ma/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /prâːŋ.ma/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpraɡ.ma/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈpraɣ.ma/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈpraɣ.ma/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈpraɣ.ma/

Noun

πρᾶγμᾰ • (prâgma) n (genitive πρᾱ́γμᾰτος); third declension

1. deed, act, fact
2. occurrence, matter, affair
3. thing, concrete reality
4. thing, creature
5. thing of consequence or importance
6. (in the plural) circumstances, affairs
7. (in the plural, in bad sense) trouble, annoyance

Inflection

Third declension of τὸ πρᾶγμᾰ; τοῦ πρᾱ́γμᾰτος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ πρᾶγμᾰ tò prâgma	τὼ πρᾱ́γμᾰτε tṑ prā́gmate	τᾰ̀ πρᾱ́γμᾰτᾰ tà prā́gmata
Genitive	τοῦ πρᾱ́γμᾰτος toû prā́gmatos	τοῖν πρᾱγμᾰ́τοιν toîn prāgmátoin	τῶν πρᾱγμᾰ́των tôn prāgmátōn
Dative	τῷ πρᾱ́γμᾰτῐ tôi prā́gmati	τοῖν πρᾱγμᾰ́τοιν toîn prāgmátoin	τοῖς πρᾱ́γμᾰσῐ / πρᾱ́γμᾰσῐν toîs prā́gmasi(n)
Accusative	τὸ πρᾶγμᾰ tò prâgma	τὼ πρᾱ́γμᾰτε tṑ prā́gmate	τᾰ̀ πρᾱ́γμᾰτᾰ tà prā́gmata
Vocative	πρᾶγμᾰ prâgma	πρᾱ́γμᾰτε prā́gmate	πρᾱ́γμᾰτᾰ prā́gmata
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of πρᾶγμᾰ; πρᾱ́γμᾰτος (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	πρᾶγμᾰ prâgma	πρᾱ́γμᾰτε prā́gmate	πρᾱ́γμᾰτᾰ prā́gmata
Genitive	πρᾱ́γμᾰτος prā́gmatos	πρᾱγμᾰ́τοιῐν prāgmátoiin	πρᾱγμᾰ́των prāgmátōn
Dative	πρᾱ́γμᾰτῐ prā́gmati	πρᾱγμᾰ́τοιῐν prāgmátoiin	πρᾱ́γμᾰσῐ / πρᾱ́γμᾰσῐν / πρᾱγμᾰ́τεσσῐ / πρᾱγμᾰ́τεσσῐν / πρᾱγμᾰ́τεσῐ / πρᾱγμᾰ́τεσῐν prā́gmasi(n) / prāgmátessi(n) / prāgmátesi(n)
Accusative	πρᾶγμᾰ prâgma	πρᾱ́γμᾰτε prā́gmate	πρᾱ́γμᾰτᾰ prā́gmata
Vocative	πρᾶγμᾰ prâgma	πρᾱ́γμᾰτε prā́gmate	πρᾱ́γμᾰτᾰ prā́gmata
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

• πρᾱγμᾰτᾶς (prāgmatâs)
• πρᾱγμᾰτείᾱ (prāgmateíā)
• πρᾱγμᾰ́τευμᾰ (prāgmáteuma)
• πρᾱγμᾰτεύομαι (prāgmateúomai)
• πρᾱγμᾰτευτέος (prāgmateutéos)
• πρᾱγμᾰτευτής (prāgmateutḗs)
• πρᾱγμᾰτευτῐκός (prāgmateutikós)
• πρᾱγμᾰτῐ́ᾰς (prāgmatías)
• πρᾱγμᾰτῐκός (prāgmatikós)
• πρᾱγμᾰ́τῐον (prāgmátion)
• πρᾱγμᾰτοδῐ́φης (prāgmatodíphēs)
• πρᾱγμᾰτοειδής (prāgmatoeidḗs)
• πρᾱγμᾰτοκοπέω (prāgmatokopéō)
• πρᾱγμᾰτοκόπος (prāgmatokópos)
• πρᾱγμᾰτολογέω (prāgmatologéō)
• πρᾱγμᾰτομᾰθής (prāgmatomathḗs)
• πρᾱγμᾰτοποιίᾱ (prāgmatopoiíā)
• πρᾱγμᾰτορρᾰ́φος (prāgmatorrháphos)
• πρᾱγμᾰτώδης (prāgmatṓdēs)

 

Descendants

• → English: pragma
• Greek: πράγμα (prágma), πράμα (práma)
• Mariupol Greek: пра́ма (práma)

Further reading

• “πρᾶγμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “πρᾶγμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• πρᾶγμα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• “πρᾶγμα”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G4229 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • act idem, page 9.
  • affair idem, page 16.
  • business idem, page 106.
  • case idem, page 116.
  • circumstance idem, page 133.
  • concern idem, page 155.
  • deed idem, page 202.
  • fact idem, page 300.
  • job idem, page 463.
  • matter idem, page 518.
  • performance idem, page 607.
  • problem idem, page 643.
  • proceeding idem, page 644.
  • step idem, page 815.
  • thing idem, page 867.
  • topic idem, page 881.
  • transaction idem, page 888.