φράτηρ

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• φρᾱτήρ (phrātḗr) — Doric
• φρήτηρ (phrḗtēr) — Ionic

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *pʰrā́tēr, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr. Cognates include Phrygian βρατερε (bratere), Latin frāter, Sanskrit भ्रातृ (bhrātṛ), Gothic 𐌱𐍂𐍉𐌸𐌰𐍂 (brōþar), Old English brōþor (English brother). The old kin sense of "brother" has been assumed by ἀδελφός (adelphós).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pʰrǎː.tɛːr/ → /ˈɸra.tir/ → /ˈfra.tir/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pʰrǎː.tɛːr/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpʰra.te̝r/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈɸra.tir/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈfra.tir/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈfra.tir/

Noun

φρᾱ́τηρ • (phrā́tēr) m (genitive φρᾱ́τερος); third declension

1. member of a community: clansman, kinsman, citizen

Declension

Third declension of ὁ φρᾱ́τηρ; τοῦ φρᾱ́τερος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ φρᾱ́τηρ ho phrā́tēr	τὼ φρᾱ́τερε tṑ phrā́tere	οἱ φρᾱ́τερες hoi phrā́teres
Genitive	τοῦ φρᾱ́τερος toû phrā́teros	τοῖν φρᾱτέροιν toîn phrātéroin	τῶν φρᾱτέρων tôn phrātérōn
Dative	τῷ φρᾱ́τερῐ tôi phrā́teri	τοῖν φρᾱτέροιν toîn phrātéroin	τοῖς φρᾱ́τερσῐ / φρᾱ́τερσῐν toîs phrā́tersi(n)
Accusative	τὸν φρᾱ́τερᾰ tòn phrā́tera	τὼ φρᾱ́τερε tṑ phrā́tere	τοὺς φρᾱ́τερᾰς toùs phrā́teras
Vocative	φρᾶτερ phrâter	φρᾱ́τερε phrā́tere	φρᾱ́τερες phrā́teres
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• φρατρία (phratría)

Further reading

• “φράτηρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “φράτηρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• φράτηρ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette