χρῖσμα
Appearance
See also: χρίσμα
Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From χρίω (khríō) (“to rub, smear”) + -μα (-ma). Later form of χρῖμα (khrîma) (LSJ).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /kʰrîːz.ma/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈkʰriz.ma/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈxriz.ma/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈxriz.ma/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈxriz.ma/
Noun
[edit]χρῖσμᾰ • (khrîsmă) n (genitive χρῑ́σμᾰτος); third declension
- ointment, unguent, oil
- anointing, unction
- (biblical, Septuagint) ritual anointing oil
- (New Testament) spiritual anointing, divine empowerment
- 50 CE – 100 CE, First Epistle of John 2:20:
- χρῖσμα ἔχετε ἀπὸ τοῦ ἁγίου
- khrîsma ékhete apò toû hagíou
- you have an anointing from the Holy One
- χρῖσμα ἔχετε ἀπὸ τοῦ ἁγίου
- 50 CE – 100 CE, First Epistle of John 2:27:
- τὸ χρῖσμα ὃ ἐλάβετε … διδάσκει ὑμᾶς
- tò khrîsma hò elábete … didáskei humâs
- the anointing which you received … teaches you
- τὸ χρῖσμα ὃ ἐλάβετε … διδάσκει ὑμᾶς
- (biblical, Septuagint) ritual anointing oil
- coating, plaster (of walls or surfaces)
Inflection
[edit]| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | τὸ χρῖσμᾰ tò khrîsmă |
τὼ χρῑ́σμᾰτε tṑ khrī́smăte |
τᾰ̀ χρῑ́σμᾰτᾰ tằ khrī́smătă | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ χρῑ́σμᾰτος toû khrī́smătos |
τοῖν χρῑσμᾰ́τοιν toîn khrīsmắtoin |
τῶν χρῑσμᾰ́των tôn khrīsmắtōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ χρῑ́σμᾰτῐ tōî khrī́smătĭ |
τοῖν χρῑσμᾰ́τοιν toîn khrīsmắtoin |
τοῖς χρῑ́σμᾰσῐ / χρῑ́σμᾰσῐν toîs khrī́smăsĭ(n) | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸ χρῖσμᾰ tò khrîsmă |
τὼ χρῑ́σμᾰτε tṑ khrī́smăte |
τᾰ̀ χρῑ́σμᾰτᾰ tằ khrī́smătă | ||||||||||
| Vocative | χρῖσμᾰ khrîsmă |
χρῑ́σμᾰτε khrī́smăte |
χρῑ́σμᾰτᾰ khrī́smătă | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Usage notes
[edit]In early Greek, χρῖσμα denotes a substance applied by rubbing or smearing. In the Septuagint, the term is used for ritual anointing oil. In the New Testament (notably 1 John 2:20, 27), the word develops a figurative sense referring to a spiritual endowment, extending the physical act of anointing to denote divine influence or empowerment.
Synonyms
[edit]- χρῖμα (khrîma)
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- “χρῖσμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “χρῖσμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- χρῖσμα in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -μα
- Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰrey-
- Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰer- (to rub)
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek properispomenon terms
- Ancient Greek neuter nouns
- Ancient Greek third-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension
- grc:Bible
- Ancient Greek terms with quotations
- grc:Medicine
- grc:Substances
- grc:Religion