χρίω
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *gʰrey(H)- (“to smear, strike”), which is perhaps extended from *gʰer- (“to rub”). Potential cognates are uncertain, but include Phrygian γεγρειμεναν (gegreimenan, “painted, adorned, written”), Lithuanian griẽti (“to skim (cream from milk)”), English grime, Sanskrit घृ (ghṛ, “to besprinkle, moisten”). See also χρῶμα (khrôma, “complexion, color”).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /kʰrǐː.ɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈkʰri.o/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈxri.o/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈxri.o/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈxri.o/
Verb
[edit]χρῑ́ω • (khrī́ō)
- to smear with [with dative ‘something’], rub [with dative ‘something’] on something; to anoint with olive oil
- (middle voice) to anoint oneself, usually with olive oil
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 6.97–98:
- αἱ δὲ λοεσσάμεναι καὶ χρīσάμεναι λίπ’ ἐλαίῳ
δεῖπνον ἔπειθ’ εἵλοντο παρ’ ὄχθῃσιν ποταμοῖο,- hai dè loessámenai kaì khrīsámenai líp’ elaíōi
deîpnon épeith’ heílonto par’ ókhthēisin potamoîo, - After they bathed and anointed themselves richly with olive oil,
they then took lunch on the banks of the river,
- hai dè loessámenai kaì khrīsámenai líp’ elaíōi
- αἱ δὲ λοεσσάμεναι καὶ χρīσάμεναι λίπ’ ἐλαίῳ
- (biblical, in the Septuagint) to anoint someone ceremonially to consecrate them as king, priest, etc.
Inflection
[edit] Present: χρῑ́ω, χρῑ́ομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | χρῑ́ω | χρῑ́εις | χρῑ́ει | χρῑ́ετον | χρῑ́ετον | χρῑ́ομεν | χρῑ́ετε | χρῑ́ουσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | χρῑ́ω | χρῑ́ῃς | χρῑ́ῃ | χρῑ́ητον | χρῑ́ητον | χρῑ́ωμεν | χρῑ́ητε | χρῑ́ωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | χρῑ́οιμῐ | χρῑ́οις | χρῑ́οι | χρῑ́οιτον | χρῑοίτην | χρῑ́οιμεν | χρῑ́οιτε | χρῑ́οιεν | |||||
imperative | χρῖε | χρῑέτω | χρῑ́ετον | χρῑέτων | χρῑ́ετε | χρῑόντων | |||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | χρῑ́ομαι | χρῑ́ῃ, χρῑ́ει |
χρῑ́εται | χρῑ́εσθον | χρῑ́εσθον | χρῑόμεθᾰ | χρῑ́εσθε | χρῑ́ονται | ||||
subjunctive | χρῑ́ωμαι | χρῑ́ῃ | χρῑ́ηται | χρῑ́ησθον | χρῑ́ησθον | χρῑώμεθᾰ | χρῑ́ησθε | χρῑ́ωνται | |||||
optative | χρῑοίμην | χρῑ́οιο | χρῑ́οιτο | χρῑ́οισθον | χρῑοίσθην | χρῑοίμεθᾰ | χρῑ́οισθε | χρῑ́οιντο | |||||
imperative | χρῑ́ου | χρῑέσθω | χρῑ́εσθον | χρῑέσθων | χρῑ́εσθε | χρῑέσθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | χρῑ́ειν | χρῑ́εσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | χρῑ́ων | χρῑόμενος | ||||||||||
f | χρῑ́ουσᾰ | χρῑομένη | |||||||||||
n | χρῖον | χρῑόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔχρῑον | ἔχρῑες | ἔχρῑε(ν) | ἐχρῑ́ετον | ἐχρῑέτην | ἐχρῑ́ομεν | ἐχρῑ́ετε | ἔχρῑον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐχρῑόμην | ἐχρῑ́ου | ἐχρῑ́ετο | ἐχρῑ́εσθον | ἐχρῑέσθην | ἐχρῑόμεθᾰ | ἐχρῑ́εσθε | ἐχρῑ́οντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | χρῖον | χρῖες | χρῖε(ν) | χρῑ́ετον | χρῑέτην | χρῑ́ομεν | χρῑ́ετε | χρῖον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | χρῑόμην | χρῑ́ου | χρῑ́ετο | χρῑ́εσθον | χρῑέσθην | χρῑόμε(σ)θᾰ | χρῑ́εσθε | χρῑ́οντο | ||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | χρῑ́σω | χρῑ́σεις | χρῑ́σει | χρῑ́σετον | χρῑ́σετον | χρῑ́σομεν | χρῑ́σετε | χρῑ́σουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | χρῑ́σοιμῐ | χρῑ́σοις | χρῑ́σοι | χρῑ́σοιτον | χρῑσοίτην | χρῑ́σοιμεν | χρῑ́σοιτε | χρῑ́σοιεν | |||||
middle | indicative | χρῑ́σομαι | χρῑ́σῃ, χρῑ́σει |
χρῑ́σεται | χρῑ́σεσθον | χρῑ́σεσθον | χρῑσόμεθᾰ | χρῑ́σεσθε | χρῑ́σονται | ||||
optative | χρῑσοίμην | χρῑ́σοιο | χρῑ́σοιτο | χρῑ́σοισθον | χρῑσοίσθην | χρῑσοίμεθᾰ | χρῑ́σοισθε | χρῑ́σοιντο | |||||
active | middle | ||||||||||||
infinitive | χρῑ́σειν | χρῑ́σεσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | χρῑ́σων | χρῑσόμενος | ||||||||||
f | χρῑ́σουσᾰ | χρῑσομένη | |||||||||||
n | χρῖσον | χρῑσόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | χρῖσᾰ | χρῖσᾰς | χρῖσε(ν) | χρῑ́σᾰτον | χρῑσᾰ́την | χρῑ́σᾰμεν | χρῑ́σᾰτε | χρῖσᾰν | ||||
middle | indicative | χρῑσᾰ́μην | χρῑ́σᾰο | χρῑ́σᾰτο | χρῑ́σᾰσθον | χρῑσᾰ́σθην | χρῑσᾰ́με(σ)θᾰ | χρῑ́σᾰσθε | χρῑ́σᾰντο | ||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Perfect: κέχρῑσμαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | κέχρῑσμαι | κέχρῑσαι | κέχρῑσται | κέχρῑσθον | κέχρῑσθον | κεχρῑ́σμεθᾰ | κέχρῑσθε | κεχρῑ́σᾰται | ||||
subjunctive | κεχρῑσμένος ὦ | κεχρῑσμένος ᾖς | κεχρῑσμένος ᾖ | κεχρῑσμένω ἦτον | κεχρῑσμένω ἦτον | κεχρῑσμένοι ὦμεν | κεχρῑσμένοι ἦτε | κεχρῑσμένοι ὦσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | κεχρῑσμένος εἴην | κεχρῑσμένος εἴης | κεχρῑσμένος εἴη | κεχρῑσμένω εἴητον/εἶτον | κεχρῑσμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην | κεχρῑσμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν | κεχρῑσμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε | κεχρῑσμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν | |||||
imperative | κέχρῑσο | κεχρῑ́σθω | κέχρῑσθον | κεχρῑ́σθων | κέχρῑσθε | κεχρῑ́σθων | |||||||
middle/passive | |||||||||||||
infinitive | κεχρῖσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | κεχρῑσμένος | |||||||||||
f | κεχρῑσμένη | ||||||||||||
n | κεχρῑσμένον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Pluperfect: ἐκεχρῑ́μην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐκεχρῑ́μην | ἐκέχρῑσο | ἐκέχρῑτο | ἐκέχρῑσθον | ἐκεχρῑ́σθην | ἐκεχρῑ́μεθᾰ | ἐκέχρῑσθε | ἐκέχρῑντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Synonyms
[edit]- (anoint, anoint oneself): ἀλείφω (aleíphō)
Derived terms
[edit]See also
[edit]- ἔλαιον (élaion)
References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “χρῑ́ω, -ομαι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1650
Further reading
[edit]- “χρίω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “χρίω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “χρίω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- χρίω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “χρίω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G5548 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 457
- “χρίω”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, 2011
Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Ancient Greek χρῑ́ω (khrī́ō).
Verb
[edit]- to anoint
Conjugation
[edit]This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Related terms
[edit]Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰrey-
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek verbs
- Ancient Greek terms with quotations
- grc:Bible
- Greek terms inherited from Ancient Greek
- Greek terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Greek lemmas
- Greek verbs