ковны

Komi-Zyrian

Etymology

From Proto-Permic *kɔlni, from Proto-Uralic *kelke-. Cognates include Hungarian kell and Northern Sami galgat.

Permic cognates include Udmurt кулэ (kule, “it's needed”) and Komi-Permyak ковны (kovny).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkoʋnɯ/, [ˈko̞ʋnɯ̈]
• Hyphenation: ков‧ны

Verb

ковны • (kovny)

1. (intransitive, impersonal, + dative) to be needed

   Меным колӧ узьны. ― Menym kolö uźny. ― I need to sleep. (literally, “To sleep is needed to me.”)

2. (intransitive, impersonal, + dative) to be wanted

   Меным колӧ лымвый. ― Menym kolö lymvyj. ― I want icecream. (literally, “Icecream is wanted to me.”)

Conjugation

Conjugation of ковны (stem: кол-)
	Present tense		Future tense
	positive	negative	positive	negative
1st singular	кола (kola)	ог ков (og kov)	кола (kola)	ог ков (og kov)
2nd singular	колан (kolan)	он ков (on kov)	колан (kolan)	он ков (on kov)
3rd singular	колӧ (kolö)	оз ков (oz kov)	колас (kolas)	оз ков (oz kov)
1st plural	колам (kolam)	ог колӧй (og kolöj)	колам (kolam)	ог колӧй (og kolöj)
2nd plural	коланныд (kolannyd) колад (kolad)	он колӧй (on kolöj)	коланныд (kolannyd) колад (kolad)	он колӧй (on kolöj)
3rd plural	колӧны (kolöny)	оз колӧй (oz kolöj)	коласны (kolasny)	оз колӧй (oz kolöj)
	Direct past tense		Reported past tense
	positive	negative	positive	negative
1st singular	колі (koli)	эг ков (eg kov)
2nd singular	колін (kolin)	эн ков (en kov)	колӧмыд (kolömyd)	абу колӧмыд (abu kolömyd)
3rd singular	коліс (kolis)	эз ков (ez kov)	колӧма (kolöma)	абу колӧма (abu kolöma)
1st plural	колім (kolim)	эг колӧй (eg kolöj)
2nd plural	колінныд (kolinnyd) колід (kolid)	эн колӧй (en kolöj)	колӧмныд (kolömnyd)	абу колӧмныд (abu kolömnyd)
3rd plural	колісны (kolisny)	эз колӧй (ez kolöj)	колӧмаӧсь (kolömaöś)	абу колӧмаӧсь (abu kolömaöś)
	Imperative
	positive	negative
2nd singular	ков (kov)	эн ков (en kov)	Infinitive	ковны (kovny)
2nd plural	колӧй (kolöj)	эн колӧй (en kolöj)	Present participle	колысь (kolyś)
*) The impersonal reported past is expressed using the third singular form. **) The first person imperative is expressed using the first person future form. ***) Any form ending in -ӧй has an alternative form ending in -ӧ. ****) The imperfect and perfect participles have alternative forms with a paragogic -а.			Imperfect participle	колан (kolan)
			Perfect participle	колӧм (kolöm)
			Caritive participle	ковтӧм (kovtöm)

Nominal inflection of ковны
	Impersonal	First person	Second person	Third person
Nominative	ковны (kovny)	ковным (kovnym)	ковныд (kovnyd)	ковныс (kovnys)
Accusative			ковнытӧ (kovnytö)	ковнысӧ (kovnysö)

References

• L. M. Beznosikova, E. A. Ajbabina, R. I. Kosnyreva (2000) Коми-русский словарь, →ISBN, page 274