лоны

Komi-Zyrian

Etymology

From Proto-Permic *loni, from Proto-Uralic *le-. Cognates include Hungarian lesz and Northern Sami leat.

Permic cognates are Udmurt луыны (luyny) and Komi-Permyak лоны (lony).

The verb shares its future tense, imperative and participles with вӧвны (vövny, “to be”), which has undergone suppletion. Compare this same process in Finnish lienee, potential of olla (“to be”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlonɯ/, [ˈɫo̞nɯ̈]
• Hyphenation: ло‧ны

Verb

лоны • (lony)

1. (copulative) to become
2. (intransitive) to appear
3. (intransitive) to happen

Conjugation

Conjugation of лоны
	Present tense		Future tense
	positive	negative	positive	negative
1st singular	лоа (loa)	ог ло (og lo)	лоа (loa)	ог ло (og lo)
2nd singular	лоан (loan)	он ло (on lo)	лоан (loan)	он ло (on lo)
3rd singular	лоӧ (loö)	оз ло (oz lo)	лоас (loas)	оз ло (oz lo)
1st plural	лоам (loam)	ог лоӧй (og loöj)	лоам (loam)	ог лоӧй (og loöj)
2nd plural	лоанныд (loannyd) лоад (load)	он лоӧй (on loöj)	лоанныд (loannyd) лоад (load)	он лоӧй (on loöj)
3rd plural	лоӧны (loöny)	оз лоӧй (oz loöj)	лоасны (loasny)	оз лоӧй (oz loöj)
	Direct past tense		Reported past tense
	positive	negative	positive	negative
1st singular	лои (loi)	эг ло (eg lo)
2nd singular	лоин (loin)	эн ло (en lo)	лоӧмыд (loömyd)	абу лоӧмыд (abu loömyd)
3rd singular	лоис (lois)	эз ло (ez lo)	лоӧма (loöma)	абу лоӧма (abu loöma)
1st plural	лоим (loim)	эг лоӧй (eg loöj)
2nd plural	лоинныд (loinnyd) лоид (loid)	эн лоӧй (en loöj)	лоӧмныд (loömnyd)	абу лоӧмныд (abu loömnyd)
3rd plural	лоисны (loisny)	эз лоӧй (ez loöj)	лоӧмаӧсь (loömaöś)	абу лоӧмаӧсь (abu loömaöś)
	Imperative
	positive	negative
2nd singular	ло (lo)	эн ло (en lo)	Infinitive	лоны (lony)
2nd plural	лоӧй (loöj)	эн лоӧй (en loöj)	Present participle	лоысь (loyś)
*) The impersonal reported past is expressed using the third singular form. **) The first person imperative is expressed using the first person future form. ***) Any form ending in -ӧй has an alternative form ending in -ӧ. ****) The imperfect and perfect participles have alternative forms with a paragogic -а.			Imperfect participle	лоан (loan)
			Perfect participle	лоӧм (loöm)
			Caritive participle	лотӧм (lotöm)

Nominal inflection of лоны
	Impersonal	First person	Second person	Third person
Nominative	лоны (lony)	лоным (lonym)	лоныд (lonyd)	лоныс (lonys)
Accusative			лонытӧ (lonytö)	лонысӧ (lonysö)

References

• A. I. Podorova, editor (1948), Коми-русский словарь [Komi-Russian dictionary], Syktyvkar: Коми Государственное Издательство, page 115
• Bubrikh, Dmitry V. (1949) Грамматика литературного коми языка [Grammar of the literary Komi language] (in Russian), Leningrad: Zhdanov Leningrad State University, page 122
• L. M. Beznosikova, E. A. Ajbabina, R. I. Kosnyreva (2000) Коми-русский словарь [Komi-Russian dictionary], →ISBN, page 354