средство

Macedonian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈsrɛtstvɔ]

Noun

средство • (sredstvo) n

1. means, instrument

Declension

Declension of средство

	singular	plural
indefinite	средство (sredstvo)	средства (sredstva)
definite unspecified	средството (sredstvoto)	средствата (sredstvata)
definite proximal	средствово (sredstvovo)	средствава (sredstvava)
definite distal	средствоно (sredstvono)	средствана (sredstvana)
vocative	средство (sredstvo)	средства (sredstva)

Pannonian Rusyn

Alternative forms

• средствиє (sredstvije) — obsolete

Etymology

Most likely borrowed from Carpathian Rusyn сре́дство (srédstvo), reinforced by Serbo-Croatian средство / sredstvo. The сред- (sred-) component is cognate with штред (štred), стред (stred).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈsrɛtstvɔ]
• Rhymes: -ɛtstvɔ
• Hyphenation: сред‧ство

Noun

средство (sredstvo) n

1. means, medium

   Near-synonym: способ (sposob)

   превозни средства ― prevozni sredstva ― means of transportation

   средства за продукцию ― sredstva za produkciju ― means of production

2. agent, device, instrument, organ
3. resource

Declension

Declension of средство (sredstvo)

	singular	plural
nominative	средство (sredstvo)	средства (sredstva)
genitive	средства (sredstva)	средствох (sredstvox)
dative	средству (sredstvu)	средством (sredstvom)
accusative	средство (sredstvo)	средства (sredstva)
instrumental	средством (sredstvom)	средствами (sredstvami)
locative	средстве (sredstve)	средствох (sredstvox)
vocative	средство (sredstvo)	средства (sredstva)

References

• Medʹeši, H.; Fejsa, M.; Timko-Djitko, O. (2010), “средство”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy
• Fejsa, M.; Šlemender, M.; Čelʹovski, S. (2022), “instrument”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 152
• Fejsa, M.; Šlemender, M.; Čelʹovski, S. (2022), “mean (meant, meant)”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 175
• Fejsa, M.; Šlemender, M.; Čelʹovski, S. (2022), “medium”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 176

Russian

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

• срѣ́дство (srě́dstvo) — pre-1918 spelling

Etymology 2

среда́ (sredá) +‎ -ство (-stvo)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈsrʲet͡stvə]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

сре́дство • (srédstvo) n inan (genitive сре́дства, nominative plural сре́дства or средства́^*, genitive plural средств) (* Very common but proscribed)

1. means, facility
2. tool, instrument, equipment
3. remedy, drug
   • 1907, Фёдор Сологуб [Fyodor Sologub], chapter III, in Маленький человек; English translation from Paul Selver, transl., The Tiny Man, 1919:

     — У меня́ есть сре́дство, — сказа́л Сара́нин, — отли́чно помога́ет.
     — Никаки́е сре́дства не помо́гут, — с ки́слой грима́сой сказа́ла Агла́я.

     — U menjá jestʹ srédstvo, — skazál Saránin, — otlíčno pomogájet.
     — Nikakíje srédstva ne pomógut, — s kísloj grimásoj skazála Aglája.

     "I have a remedy," said Saranin. "It acts wonderfully."
     ​"No remedies are any good," said Aglaya, with a sour grimace.

4. (business, finance, in the plural) assets; means; funding
5. product

Declension

Declension of сре́дство (inan neut-form hard-stem accent-a/c) 

	singular	plural
nominative	сре́дство srédstvo	сре́дства, средства́* srédstva, sredstvá*
genitive	сре́дства srédstva	сре́дств srédstv
dative	сре́дству srédstvu	сре́дствам, средства́м* srédstvam, sredstvám*
accusative	сре́дство srédstvo	сре́дства, средства́* srédstva, sredstvá*
instrumental	сре́дством srédstvom	сре́дствами, средства́ми* srédstvami, sredstvámi*
prepositional	сре́дстве srédstve	сре́дствах, средства́х* srédstvax, sredstváx*

^* Very common but proscribed.

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Borrowed by Croatian lexicographer Bogoslav Šulek in the 19th century from Russian сре́дство (srédstvo).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /srědstʋo/
• Hyphenation: сред‧ство

Noun

срѐдство n (Latin spelling srèdstvo)

1. medium
2. agent
3. device, instrument
4. resources

Declension

Declension of средство

	singular	plural
nominative	средство	средства
genitive	средства	средстава
dative	средству	средствима
accusative	средство	средства
vocative	средство	средства
locative	средству	средствима
instrumental	средством	средствима