чад

See also: Чад, -чад, and Appendix:Variations of "cad"

Bulgarian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *čadъ.

Noun

чад • (čad) m (diminutive ча́дец)

1. (dialectal) thick fume, haze

   Synonyms: пу́шек (púšek), мараня́ (maranjá)

Declension

Declension of чад

	singular
indefinite	чад čad
definite (subject form)	ча́дът čádǎt
definite (object form)	ча́да čáda

Derived terms

• чадя́ (čadjá, “to smoke”) (dialectal)

Related terms

• кадя́ (kadjá, “to incense”)
  • каде́ж (kadéž), каде́не (kadéne, “incense”)

References

• “чад”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1904) “чꙗдъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎^[1] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 570

Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *čadъ (“smoke, fumes”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷēd-o-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [t͡ʃat]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Homophone: чат (čat)

Noun

чад • (čad) m

1. smoke

Declension

Declension of чад

	singular	plural
indefinite	чад (čad)	чадови (čadovi)
definite unspecified	чадот (čadot)	чадовите (čadovite)
definite proximal	чадов (čadov)	чадовиве (čadovive)
definite distal	чадон (čadon)	чадовине (čadovine)
vocative	чаду (čadu)	чадови (čadovi)
count form	—	чада (čada)
collective	чадје (čadje)	—

See also

• дим (dim)

Russian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [t͡ɕat]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Homophone: чат (čat)
• Rhymes: -at

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *čadъ (“smoke, fumes”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷēd-o-.

Noun

чад • (čad) m inan (genitive ча́да, uncountable)

1. smoke, fumes
2. (figuratively) daze, frenzy
   • 1869, Иван Гончаров [Ivan Goncharov], “Часть I. Глава XV”, in Обрыв; English translation from Stephen Pearl, transl., Malinovka Heights, Alma Classics, 2020:

     Ра́йский верну́лся домо́й в чаду́, едва́ замеча́я доро́гу, у́лицы, проходя́щих и проезжа́ющих.

     Rájskij vernúlsja domój v čadú, jedvá zamečája dorógu, úlicy, proxodjáščix i projezžájuščix.

     Raisky returned home in a daze without noticing where he was going, the streets, passers-by, on foot or in carriages.

Declension

Declension of чад (inan sg-only masc-form hard-stem accent-a) 

	singular
nominative	ча́д čád
genitive	ча́да čáda
dative	ча́ду čádu
accusative	ча́д čád
instrumental	ча́дом čádom
prepositional	ча́де čáde
locative	чаду́ čadú

Related terms

• чади́ть (čadítʹ)
• чадно (čadno)
• чадный (čadnyj)

Etymology 2

Noun

чад • (čad) n anim pl

1. genitive/accusative plural of ча́до (čádo)

Ukrainian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *čadъ (“smoke, fumes”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [t͡ʃad]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

чад • (čad) m inan (genitive ча́ду, uncountable)

1. carbon monoxide
2. smoke, fumes
3. (colloquial) carbon monoxide poisoning
4. (figuratively) daze, frenzy

Declension

Declension of чад
(inan sg-only hard masc-form accent-a)

	singular
nominative	чад čad
genitive	ча́ду čádu
dative	ча́дові, ча́ду čádovi, čádu
accusative	чад čad
instrumental	ча́дом čádom
locative	чаду́ čadú
vocative	ча́де čáde

References

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “чад”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka