ابتدا

See also: ابتدأ

Chagatai

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian اِبْتِدَاء (ibtidā'), from Arabic اِبْتِدَاء (ibtidāʔ).

Noun

ابتدا • (ʾbtdā /ibtidā/)

1. start, commencement, beginning

   Synonyms: باش (bāš /⁠baš⁠/), ایلک (ʾylk /⁠ilk⁠/), آغشته (ʾāġšth /⁠āġäštä⁠/), بدایت (bdāyt /⁠bidāyät⁠/)

   ابتدا قیلماق ― ʾbtdā qylmāq /ibtidā qılmaq/ ― to start, begin

Adverb

ابتدا • (ʾbtdā /ibtidā/)

1. as a beginning, for a commencement

Descendants

• Uyghur: ئىپتىدا (iptida)
• Uzbek: ibtido

Further reading

• Bahawudun, Muhemmettursun; Gheyurani, Ghenizat; Qadir, Isma'il; Ehet, Ablimit (2002), چاغاتاي تىلىنىڭ ئىزاھلىق لۇغىتى [Explanatory Dictionary of the Chagatai Language]‎^[1] (in Uyghur), Shinjang Xelq Neshriyati, →ISBN, pages 766-767
• Ünlü, Suat (2013), Çağatay Türkçesi Sözlüğü [Dictionary of Chagatai Turkic] (in Turkish), Konya: Eğitim Yayınevi, →ISBN, page 507

Ottoman Turkish

Alternative forms

• ابتداء (ibtidâ')
• իպթիտա (ibtida) — Armeno-Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic اِبْتِدَاء (ibtidāʔ).

Noun

ابتدا • (ibtidâ) (definite accusative ابتدایی (ibtidâyı))

1. beginning, start, commencement

   Synonym: باش (baş)

   ابتدا ایتمك ― ibtidâ etmek ― to start, commence

   ابتدای جلوس ― ibtidâ-yı cülûs ― the start of a reign

   • c. 1531, Muhyî, translated by Okuyucu, Cihan and Yazar, Sadık, ترجمهٔ ابتدانامه [tercüme-i ibtidānāme, Translation of İbtidâ-Nâme], Ankara: Turkish Language Association, published 2018, →ISBN, page 116:

     حَمْدُ لَلَّهْ اُولْدِی حَمْدِیلَه بُو اَسْرَارْ اِبْتِدَا
     كَرْچِه يُوقْ اَسْرَارِ حَقَّه اِبْتِدَا وُ اِنْتِهَا

     hamdu lillâh oldı hamdile bu esrâr ibtidâ
     gerçi yok esrâr-ı hakka ibtidâ vü intihâ

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. (poetry) the first prosodic foot of the second hemistich of a verse

Adverb

ابتدا • (ibtidâ)

1. as a beginning, for a commencement

   Synonym: ابتدااً (ibtidâ'en)

Derived terms

• ابتدائی (ibtidâ'î, “primitive, fundamental”)

Related terms

Ottoman Turkish terms derived from the Arabic root ب د ء (0 c, 3 e)

Descendants

• Turkish: iptida

Further reading

• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “ابتدا”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[2], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 8
• Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962), “ibtidâ'”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎^[3] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 482
• Ayverdi, İlhan (2010), “iptida”, in Misalli Büyük Türkçe Sözlük, a reviewed and expanded single-volume edition, Istanbul: Kubbealtı Neşriyatı

Persian

Etymology

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ʔib.ti.ˈdaː/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɪb.t̪ʰɪ.d̪ɑ́ː]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɪb.t̪ʰɪ.d̪ɑ́ː]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔɪb.t̪ʰɪ.d̪ɑ́ː]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔib.t̪ʰi.d̪ɔ́ː]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔeb.t̪ʰe.d̪ɒ́ː]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔib.t̪ʰi.d̪ɔ́]

Readings
Classical reading?	ibtidā
Dari reading?	ibtidā
Iranian reading?	ebtedâ
Tajik reading?	ibtido

Noun

Dari	ابتدا
Iranian Persian
Tajik	ибтидо

ابتدا • (ebtedâ) (plural ابتداها)

1. unhamzated form of ابتداء (“beginning”)

Inflection

Basic forms of ابتدا

	singular	plural
bare	ابتدا (ebtedấ)	ابتداها (ebtedâ-hấ)
definitive direct object	ابتدا را، ابتدا رو△ (ebtedấ râ, ebtedấ ro△)	ابتداها را، ابتداها رو△ (ebtedâ-hấ râ, ebtedâ-hấ ro△)
ezâfe	ابتدای (ebtedấ-ye)	ابتداهای (ebtedâ-hấ-ye)
marked indefinite or relative definite	ابتدایی (ebtedấ-i)	ابتداهایی (ebtedâ-hấ-i)

^△ Colloquial.

Possessive forms of ابتدا

	singular	plural
1st person singular (“my”)	ابتدایم، ابتدام△ (ebtedấyam, ebtedấm△)	ابتداهایم، ابتداهام△ (ebtedâ-hấyam, ebtedâ-hấm△)
2nd person singular (“your”)	ابتدایت، ابتدات△ (ebtedấyat, ebtedất△)	ابتداهایت، ابتداهات△ (ebtedâ-hấyat, ebtedâ-hất△)
3rd person singular (“his, her, its”)	ابتدایش، ابتداش△ (ebtedấyaš, ebtedấš△)	ابتداهایش، ابتداهاش△ (ebtedâ-hấyaš, ebtedâ-hấš△)
1st person plural (“our”)	ابتدایمان، ابتدامون△ (ebtedấyemân, ebtedấmun△)	ابتداهایمان، ابتداهامون△ (ebtedâ-hấyemân, ebtedâ-hấmun△)
2nd person plural (“your”)	ابتدایتان، ابتداتون△ (ebtedấyetân, ebtedấtun△)	ابتداهایتان، ابتداهاتون△ (ebtedâ-hấyetân, ebtedâ-hấtun△)
3rd person plural (“their”)	ابتدایشان، ابتداشون△ (ebtedấyešân, ebtedấšun△)	ابتداهایشان، ابتداهاشون△ (ebtedâ-hấyešân, ebtedâ-hấšun△)

^△ Colloquial.

Adverb

ابتدا • (ebtedâ)

1. unhamzated form of ابتداء (“firstly, first”)

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic اِبْتِدَاء (ibtidāʔ).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ɪb.t̪ɪ.d̪ɑː/
• Rhymes: -ɑː

Noun

اِبْتِدا • (ibtidā) f (Hindi spelling इब्तिदा)

1. initiation, threshold, beginning, commencement, inception, inchoation, start, genesis, rudiment.

   Synonyms: شُروع (śuro'), آرَمْبھ (ārambh), آغاز (āġāz)