خردل
Arabic
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Etymology
Uncertain etymology, previous comparisons to an Akkadian source have been depreciated as uninformed readings; compare Hebrew חַרְדָּל (ḥardal), Jewish Palestinian Aramaic חרדלא (ḥardlā), Jewish Babylonian Aramaic חַרְדְּלָא (ḥardlā), Classical Syriac ܚܪܕܠܐ (ḥardlā), and potentially Akkadian 𒄷𒊏𒁺 (/ḫurādu/, “unidentified aromatic plant possibly in reference to mustard seeds; aromatic seed or spice mix”, literally “pebbles, little stones”); perhaps connected ultimately to Proto-Semitic *ḥaraθ- (“to sow, to plant seeds, to till, to plow, to cultivate”) or Sumerian 𒌑𒄯𒄯 (/ḫarḫar/, “unidentified plant yielding seeds used as a spice”) of uncertain provenance.
Pronunciation
Noun
خَرْدَل • (ḵardal) m (collective, singulative خَرْدَلَة f (ḵardala))
- mustard (plant and condiment)
Declension
Collective | basic collective triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | خَرْدَل ḵardal |
الْخَرْدَل al-ḵardal |
خَرْدَل ḵardal |
Nominative | خَرْدَلٌ ḵardalun |
الْخَرْدَلُ al-ḵardalu |
خَرْدَلُ ḵardalu |
Accusative | خَرْدَلًا ḵardalan |
الْخَرْدَلَ al-ḵardala |
خَرْدَلَ ḵardala |
Genitive | خَرْدَلٍ ḵardalin |
الْخَرْدَلِ al-ḵardali |
خَرْدَلِ ḵardali |
Singulative | singulative triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | خَرْدَلَة ḵardala |
الْخَرْدَلَة al-ḵardala |
خَرْدَلَة ḵardalat |
Nominative | خَرْدَلَةٌ ḵardalatun |
الْخَرْدَلَةُ al-ḵardalatu |
خَرْدَلَةُ ḵardalatu |
Accusative | خَرْدَلَةً ḵardalatan |
الْخَرْدَلَةَ al-ḵardalata |
خَرْدَلَةَ ḵardalata |
Genitive | خَرْدَلَةٍ ḵardalatin |
الْخَرْدَلَةِ al-ḵardalati |
خَرْدَلَةِ ḵardalati |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | خَرْدَلَتَيْن ḵardalatayn |
الْخَرْدَلَتَيْن al-ḵardalatayn |
خَرْدَلَتَيْ ḵardalatay |
Nominative | خَرْدَلَتَانِ ḵardalatāni |
الْخَرْدَلَتَانِ al-ḵardalatāni |
خَرْدَلَتَا ḵardalatā |
Accusative | خَرْدَلَتَيْنِ ḵardalatayni |
الْخَرْدَلَتَيْنِ al-ḵardalatayni |
خَرْدَلَتَيْ ḵardalatay |
Genitive | خَرْدَلَتَيْنِ ḵardalatayni |
الْخَرْدَلَتَيْنِ al-ḵardalatayni |
خَرْدَلَتَيْ ḵardalatay |
Paucal (3-10) | sound feminine paucal | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | خَرْدَلَات ḵardalāt |
الْخَرْدَلَات al-ḵardalāt |
خَرْدَلَات ḵardalāt |
Nominative | خَرْدَلَاتٌ ḵardalātun |
الْخَرْدَلَاتُ al-ḵardalātu |
خَرْدَلَاتُ ḵardalātu |
Accusative | خَرْدَلَاتٍ ḵardalātin |
الْخَرْدَلَاتِ al-ḵardalāti |
خَرْدَلَاتِ ḵardalāti |
Genitive | خَرْدَلَاتٍ ḵardalātin |
الْخَرْدَلَاتِ al-ḵardalāti |
خَرْدَلَاتِ ḵardalāti |
Descendants
References
- Levey, Martin (1973) Early Arabic Pharmacology. An Introduction Based on Ancient and Medieval Sources, Leiden: Brill, page 60
Persian
Etymology
Noun
خردل • (xardal)
Urdu
Etymology
Borrowed from Persian خردل, from Arabic خردل.
Noun
- Arabic terms derived from Proto-Semitic
- Arabic 2-syllable words
- Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic collective nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote collective
- Arabic nouns with triptote singulative in -a
- Arabic nouns with sound feminine paucal
- ar:Brassicales order plants
- ar:Condiments
- Persian terms borrowed from Arabic
- Persian terms derived from Arabic
- Persian lemmas
- Persian nouns
- fa:Condiments
- Urdu terms borrowed from Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Arabic
- Urdu lemmas
- Urdu nouns
- Urdu masculine nouns
- ur:Condiments