دوزخ

Persian

Etymology

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle Persian 𐭣𐭥𐭱𐭧𐭥𐭩 (dušox, “hell”), from (deprecated template usage) [etyl]  *daušaxva-, *daužaxva, from *duš-ahw-a-, from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Iranian *dušHahua (“hell”), from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Indo-Iranian *duš-Has-u-a-, from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Indo-European *dus-h₁és-u-o-, from *dus- and *h₁es-.

Cognates include Manichaean Middle Persian [Manichaean needed] (dwšx), [Manichaean needed] (dwšwx /⁠dušox⁠/), Pazend 𐬛𐬋𐬲𐬀𐬑 (dōžax), 𐬛𐬋𐬰𐬀𐬑 (dōzax), 𐬛𐬋𐬘𐬀𐬑 (dōjax), Manichaean Parthian [Manichaean needed] (dwjx /⁠dōžax⁠/), Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬊𐬲𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀 (daožauua), 𐬛𐬎𐬲𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬎 (dužaŋhu), Pashto دوغښ (doǧaẍ), Northern Kurdish doje(h) (dōža(h)), dûje(h) (dūža(h)), Baluchi دوجک (dōǰak), دوژه (dōžē).

Compare Old Armenian դժոխ (džox, “hell”) and Georgian ჯოჯოხეთი (ǯoǯoxeti), Iranian borrowings.

Proper noun

دوزخ • (dôzax)

Dari	دوزخ
Iranian Persian
Tajik	дӯзах

1. hell

Synonyms

• جهنم (jahannam)

Antonyms

• بهشت (behešt)

Derived terms

• دوزخی (duzaxi)
• اهل دوزخ (ahl-e-duzax)
• دوزخبان (duzaxbân)

Descendants

• Azerbaijani: duzəx / دوزخ
• Baluchi دوزخ (dózux)
• Bengali: দোজখ (dōjokh)
• Gorani: دۆزەخ (dōzax)
• Hindustani:
  • Hindi: दोज़ख़ (dozax)
  • Urdu: دوزخ (dozax)
• Kurdish:

  Southern Kurdish: دووزەخ (dûzex)

• Ottoman Turkish: دوزخ (dûzah)
• Pashto: دوزخ (dōzax), دوږخ (doẓáx)
• Punjabi: ਦੋਜਖ (dojakh)
• Turkmen: dowzah
• Uzbek: doʻzax

References

• Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “دوزخ”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “dušox”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press

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Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian دوزخ (dôzax).

Noun

دوزخ • (dozax) m (Hindi spelling दोज़ख़)

1. hell, hellfire