سورة

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See also: سوره and شوره

Arabic

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سُورَة
 سورة on Arabic Wikipedia

Etymology 1

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Assigned to the root س و ر (s-w-r). It is not clear from which word it was borrowed, it might be from Classical Syriac ܫܘܽܪܳܐ (šūrā, wall; also figuratively for any divider), compare سُور (sūr, wall) from the same word, or from Classical Syriac ܣܽܘܪܓܳܕܳܐ (sūrgāḏā, line; writing), or from Hebrew סִדְרָה (siḏrā, technical term for the section marks in the Hebrew scriptures), or from Hebrew שִׁיר (šīr, lyric song; poem), or from a variant vocalization of Classical Syriac ܣܻܝܪܳܐ (sīrā, thread; chapter, topical division of a book).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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سُورَة (sūraf (plural سُوَر (suwar))

  1. (Islam) sura, surah
    Meronym: آيَة (ʔāya)
    Holonym: اَلْقُرْآن (al-qurʔān)
    Hyponyms: سُورَة مَدَنِيَّة (sūra(t) madaniyya), سُورَة مَكِّيَّة (sūra(t) makkiyya)
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 2:23:
      وَإِنْ كُنْتُمْ فِي رَيْبٍ مِمَّا نَزَّلْنَا عَلَى عَبْدِنَا فَأْتُوا بِسُورَةٍ مِنْ مِثْلِهِ وَٱدْعُوا شُهَدَاءَكُمْ مِنْ دُونِ اللهِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِينَ
      wa-ʔin kuntum fī raybin mimmā nazzalnā ʕalā ʕabdinā fa-ʔtū bisūratin min miṯlihi wa-dʕū šuhadāʔakum min dūni llāhi ʔin kuntum ṣādiqīna
      And if you are in doubt about what We have sent down upon Our Servant [Muhammad], then produce a surah the like thereof and call upon your witnesses other than Allah, if you should be truthful.
Declension
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Descendants
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Etymology 2

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Root
س و ر (s w r)
2 terms

Pronunciation

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Noun

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سَوْرَة (sawraf

  1. severity, vehemence, sharpness
Declension
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References

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  • Ahrens, Karl (1930) “Christliches im Qoran. Eine Nachlese”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft[1] (in German), volume 84, page 19
  • Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 238
  • Freytag, Georg (1833) “سورة”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[2] (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 374
  • Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, pages 180–182
  • Lane, Edward William (1863) “سورة”, in Arabic-English Lexicon[3], London: Williams & Norgate, page 1465
  • Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft[4] (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, page 26
  • Wehr, Hans (1979) “سورة”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 514