سورة
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Arabic
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Assigned to the root س و ر (s-w-r). It is not clear from which word it was borrowed, it might be from Classical Syriac ܫܘܽܪܳܐ (šūrā, “wall; also figuratively for any divider”), compare سُور (sūr, “wall”) from the same word, or from Classical Syriac ܣܽܘܪܓܳܕܳܐ (sūrgāḏā, “line; writing”), or from Hebrew סִדְרָה (siḏrā, “technical term for the section marks in the Hebrew scriptures”), or from Hebrew שִׁיר (šīr, “lyric song; poem”), or from a variant vocalization of Classical Syriac ܣܻܝܪܳܐ (sīrā, “thread; chapter, topical division of a book”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]سُورَة • (sūra) f (plural سُوَر (suwar))
- (Islam) sura, surah
- Meronym: آيَة (ʔāya)
- Holonym: اَلْقُرْآن (al-qurʔān)
- Hyponyms: سُورَة مَدَنِيَّة (sūra(t) madaniyya), سُورَة مَكِّيَّة (sūra(t) makkiyya)
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 2:23:
- وَإِنْ كُنْتُمْ فِي رَيْبٍ مِمَّا نَزَّلْنَا عَلَى عَبْدِنَا فَأْتُوا بِسُورَةٍ مِنْ مِثْلِهِ وَٱدْعُوا شُهَدَاءَكُمْ مِنْ دُونِ اللهِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِينَ
- wa-ʔin kuntum fī raybin mimmā nazzalnā ʕalā ʕabdinā fa-ʔtū bisūratin min miṯlihi wa-dʕū šuhadāʔakum min dūni llāhi ʔin kuntum ṣādiqīna
- And if you are in doubt about what We have sent down upon Our Servant [Muhammad], then produce a surah the like thereof and call upon your witnesses other than Allah, if you should be truthful.
Declension
[edit]Declension of noun سُورَة (sūra)
Singular | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | سُورَة sūra |
السُّورَة as-sūra |
سُورَة sūrat |
Nominative | سُورَةٌ sūratun |
السُّورَةُ as-sūratu |
سُورَةُ sūratu |
Accusative | سُورَةً sūratan |
السُّورَةَ as-sūrata |
سُورَةَ sūrata |
Genitive | سُورَةٍ sūratin |
السُّورَةِ as-sūrati |
سُورَةِ sūrati |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | سُورَتَيْن sūratayn |
السُّورَتَيْن as-sūratayn |
سُورَتَيْ sūratay |
Nominative | سُورَتَانِ sūratāni |
السُّورَتَانِ as-sūratāni |
سُورَتَا sūratā |
Accusative | سُورَتَيْنِ sūratayni |
السُّورَتَيْنِ as-sūratayni |
سُورَتَيْ sūratay |
Genitive | سُورَتَيْنِ sūratayni |
السُّورَتَيْنِ as-sūratayni |
سُورَتَيْ sūratay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | سُوَر suwar |
السُّوَر as-suwar |
سُوَر suwar |
Nominative | سُوَرٌ suwarun |
السُّوَرُ as-suwaru |
سُوَرُ suwaru |
Accusative | سُوَرًا suwaran |
السُّوَرَ as-suwara |
سُوَرَ suwara |
Genitive | سُوَرٍ suwarin |
السُّوَرِ as-suwari |
سُوَرِ suwari |
Descendants
[edit]- → Azerbaijani: surə
- → Chinese: 蘇拉/苏拉 (sūlā)
- → German: Sure
- → English: sura, surah
- → Latin: azoara
- → Classical Persian: سُورَه (sūra)
- → Russian: су́ра (súra)
- → Swahili: sura
- → Ottoman Turkish: سوره
- → Turkish: sure
- → Uzbek: sura
Etymology 2
[edit]Root |
---|
س و ر (s w r) |
2 terms |
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]سَوْرَة • (sawra) f
Declension
[edit]Declension of noun سَوْرَة (sawra)
Singular | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | سَوْرَة sawra |
السَّوْرَة as-sawra |
سَوْرَة sawrat |
Nominative | سَوْرَةٌ sawratun |
السَّوْرَةُ as-sawratu |
سَوْرَةُ sawratu |
Accusative | سَوْرَةً sawratan |
السَّوْرَةَ as-sawrata |
سَوْرَةَ sawrata |
Genitive | سَوْرَةٍ sawratin |
السَّوْرَةِ as-sawrati |
سَوْرَةِ sawrati |
References
[edit]- Ahrens, Karl (1930) “Christliches im Qoran. Eine Nachlese”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft[1] (in German), volume 84, page 19
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 238
- Freytag, Georg (1833) “سورة”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[2] (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 374
- Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, pages 180–182
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “سورة”, in Arabic-English Lexicon[3], London: Williams & Norgate, page 1465
- Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft[4] (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, page 26
- Wehr, Hans (1979) “سورة”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 514
Categories:
- Arabic terms belonging to the root س و ر
- Arabic terms borrowed from Classical Syriac
- Arabic terms derived from Classical Syriac
- Arabic terms borrowed from Hebrew
- Arabic terms derived from Hebrew
- Arabic 2-syllable words
- Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic feminine nouns
- ar:Islam
- Arabic terms with quotations
- Arabic nouns with triptote singular in -a
- Arabic nouns with broken plural
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote broken plural
- ar:Qur'an