قاقم

Arabic

Alternative forms

• قَاقُوم (qāqūm)

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle Persian kʾkwm (kākom, “stoat”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /qaː.qum/

Noun

قَاقُم • (qāqum) m

1. ermine, stoat

Declension

Declension of noun قَاقُم (qāqum)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	قَاقُم qāqum	الْقَاقُم al-qāqum	قَاقُم qāqum
Nominative	قَاقُمٌ qāqumun	الْقَاقُمُ al-qāqumu	قَاقُمُ qāqumu
Accusative	قَاقُمًا qāquman	الْقَاقُمَ al-qāquma	قَاقُمَ qāquma
Genitive	قَاقُمٍ qāqumin	الْقَاقُمِ al-qāqumi	قَاقُمِ qāqumi

Ottoman Turkish

قاقم

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian قاقم (qâqom, “ermine, stoat”), from Middle Persian kʾkwm (kākom, “stoat”).

Noun

قاقم • (kakım or kakum) (definite accusative قاقمی (kakımı), plural قاقملر (kakımlar))

1. ermine, stoat, a weasel found in northern latitudes whose fur turns white in winter (Mustela erminea)

   Synonym: آص (as)

Descendants

• Turkish: kakım
• → Armenian: քաքում (kʻakʻum), գագում (gagum)
• → Romanian: cacom

Further reading

• Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1886) “قاقم”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume II, Paris: E. Leroux, page 464
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “kakım”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2342
• Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “قاقم”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎^[1], Vienna: F. Beck, page 351b
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “قاقم”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2], Constantinople: Mihran, page 931
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Mustela”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[3], Vienna, column 1109
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “قاقم”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[4], Vienna, column 3590
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “kakım”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “قاقم”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1421

Persian

Etymology

Inherited from Middle Persian kʾkwm (kākom, “stoat”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [qɑː.ˈqum]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [qɑː.qʊ́m]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [qɑː.qʊ́m]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [qɑː.qʊ́m]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [qɔː.qúm]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [qɒː.ʁóm]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [qɔ.qúm]

Readings
Classical reading?	qāqum
Dari reading?	qāqum
Iranian reading?	ğâğom
Tajik reading?	qoqum

Noun

قاقم • (qâqom) (plural قاقم‌ها (qâqom-hâ))

1. ermine, stoat

Descendants

• → Ottoman Turkish: قاقم (kakım)
  • Turkish: kakım
  • → Armenian: քաքում (kʻakʻum), գագում (gagum)
  • → Romanian: cacom

References

• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “kākom”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian قاقم (qāqum).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /qɑː.qʊm/

Noun

قاقُم • (qāqum) m (Hindi spelling क़ाक़ुम)

1. ermine, stoat

References

• “قاقم”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “قاقم”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.