कण्टक

Sanskrit

Etymology

Probably a derivative of कृन्तति (kṛntati), but confer Ancient Greek ᾰ̓́κᾰνθᾰ (ákantha, “thorn, prickle”)

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /kɐ́ɳ.ʈɐ.kɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈkɐɳ.ʈɐ.kɐ/

Noun

कण्टक • (káṇṭaka) stem, m or n

1. a thorn.
2. anything pointed, the point of a pin or needle, a prickle, sting.
3. a fishbone.
4. a fingernail.
5. goose pimples resulting from thrilling emotions (compare कण्टकित (kaṇṭakita))
6. unevenness, roughness (as on the surface of the tongue).
7. any troublesome, seditious person (who is, as it were, a thorn to the state and an enemy of order and good government), a paltry foe, enemy in general (compare क्षुद्र-शत्रु (kṣudra-śatru)).
8. a sharp stinging pain, symptom of disease.
9. a vexing or injurious speech.
10. any annoyance or source of vexation; obstacle, impediment.
11. the first, fourth, seventh, and tenth lunar mansions.
12. a term in the न्याय (nyāya) philosophy implying refutation of argument, detection of error.
13. a bamboo.
14. workshop, manufactory.
15. boundary of a village.
16. fault, defect.
17. N. of मकर (makara) (or the marine monster, the symbol of काम-देव (kāma-deva)).
18. N. of the horse of शाक्य-मुनि (śākya-muni).
19. N. of an अग्रहार (agrahāra).
20. N. of a barber

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of कण्टक (káṇṭaka)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	कण्टकः káṇṭakaḥ	कण्टकौ / कण्टका¹ káṇṭakau / káṇṭakā¹	कण्टकाः / कण्टकासः¹ káṇṭakāḥ / káṇṭakāsaḥ¹
Vocative	कण्टक káṇṭaka	कण्टकौ / कण्टका¹ káṇṭakau / káṇṭakā¹	कण्टकाः / कण्टकासः¹ káṇṭakāḥ / káṇṭakāsaḥ¹
Accusative	कण्टकम् káṇṭakam	कण्टकौ / कण्टका¹ káṇṭakau / káṇṭakā¹	कण्टकान् káṇṭakān
Instrumental	कण्टकेन káṇṭakena	कण्टकाभ्याम् káṇṭakābhyām	कण्टकैः / कण्टकेभिः¹ káṇṭakaiḥ / káṇṭakebhiḥ¹
Dative	कण्टकाय káṇṭakāya	कण्टकाभ्याम् káṇṭakābhyām	कण्टकेभ्यः káṇṭakebhyaḥ
Ablative	कण्टकात् káṇṭakāt	कण्टकाभ्याम् káṇṭakābhyām	कण्टकेभ्यः káṇṭakebhyaḥ
Genitive	कण्टकस्य káṇṭakasya	कण्टकयोः káṇṭakayoḥ	कण्टकानाम् káṇṭakānām
Locative	कण्टके káṇṭake	कण्टकयोः káṇṭakayoḥ	कण्टकेषु káṇṭakeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Neuter a-stem declension of कण्टक (káṇṭaka)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	कण्टकम् káṇṭakam	कण्टके káṇṭake	कण्टकानि / कण्टका¹ káṇṭakāni / káṇṭakā¹
Vocative	कण्टक káṇṭaka	कण्टके káṇṭake	कण्टकानि / कण्टका¹ káṇṭakāni / káṇṭakā¹
Accusative	कण्टकम् káṇṭakam	कण्टके káṇṭake	कण्टकानि / कण्टका¹ káṇṭakāni / káṇṭakā¹
Instrumental	कण्टकेन káṇṭakena	कण्टकाभ्याम् káṇṭakābhyām	कण्टकैः / कण्टकेभिः¹ káṇṭakaiḥ / káṇṭakebhiḥ¹
Dative	कण्टकाय káṇṭakāya	कण्टकाभ्याम् káṇṭakābhyām	कण्टकेभ्यः káṇṭakebhyaḥ
Ablative	कण्टकात् káṇṭakāt	कण्टकाभ्याम् káṇṭakābhyām	कण्टकेभ्यः káṇṭakebhyaḥ
Genitive	कण्टकस्य káṇṭakasya	कण्टकयोः káṇṭakayoḥ	कण्टकानाम् káṇṭakānām
Locative	कण्टके káṇṭake	कण्टकयोः káṇṭakayoḥ	कण्टकेषु káṇṭakeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Assamese: কাঁইট (kãit), কঁটা (kõta), কাঁটা (kãta)

References

• Monier William's Sanskrit-English Dictionary, 2 nd Ed. 1899