ज्ञान

Hindi

Etymology

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From Sanskrit ज्ञान (jñā́na), from the root verb ज्ञा (jñā, “to know, be aware of”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (“to know”).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /ɡjɑːn/, [ɡjä̃ːn]

Noun

ज्ञान • (jñān) m (Urdu spelling گیان)

1. knowledge

   मुझे इसका कुछ भी ज्ञान नहीं है।

   mujhe iskā kuch bhī jñān nahī̃ hai.

   I have no knowledge of it at all.

   हमारा शिक्षक व्यापक ज्ञान की खान है।

   hamārā śikṣak vyāpak jñān kī khān hai.

   Our professor is a vast storehouse of general knowledge.

   गुरूजी, और ज्ञान बाटो! ― gurūjī, aur jñān bāṭo! ― Oh Guru, please enlighten us with knowledge! (sarcastic)

Synonyms

• जानकारी (jānkārī)

References

• Bahri, Hardev (1989) “ज्ञान”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.

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Nepali

Noun

ज्ञान • (gyān)

1. knowledge, wisdom

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Sanskrit

Etymology

From the root verb ज्ञा (jñā, “to know, be aware of”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (“to know”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /d͡ʑɲɑ́ː.nɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈd͡ʑɲɑː.n̪ɐ/

Noun

ज्ञान • (jñā́na) stem, n

1. knowing, becoming acquainted with, knowledge, (esp.) the higher knowledge (in Buddhism, pure awareness free from conceptual constructs; in Hinduism, true knowledge of the Self's identity with the Ultimate Reality)
2. "knowledge about anything cognizance" (compare ज्ञानतस् (jñānatas) and अज्ञान (ajñāna))

   ज्ञानाद् अज्ञानाद् वा ― jñānād ajñānād vā ― knowingly or ignorantly

3. conscience
4. = ज्ञानेन्द्रिय (jñānendriya)
5. engaging in (+ genitive, e.g. सर्पिषस् (sarpiṣas, “in sacrifice with clarified butter”))
6. name of a shakti

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of ज्ञान (jñā́na)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ज्ञानम् jñā́nam	ज्ञाने jñā́ne	ज्ञानानि / ज्ञाना¹ jñā́nāni / jñā́nā¹
Vocative	ज्ञान jñā́na	ज्ञाने jñā́ne	ज्ञानानि / ज्ञाना¹ jñā́nāni / jñā́nā¹
Accusative	ज्ञानम् jñā́nam	ज्ञाने jñā́ne	ज्ञानानि / ज्ञाना¹ jñā́nāni / jñā́nā¹
Instrumental	ज्ञानेन jñā́nena	ज्ञानाभ्याम् jñā́nābhyām	ज्ञानैः / ज्ञानेभिः¹ jñā́naiḥ / jñā́nebhiḥ¹
Dative	ज्ञानाय jñā́nāya	ज्ञानाभ्याम् jñā́nābhyām	ज्ञानेभ्यः jñā́nebhyaḥ
Ablative	ज्ञानात् jñā́nāt	ज्ञानाभ्याम् jñā́nābhyām	ज्ञानेभ्यः jñā́nebhyaḥ
Genitive	ज्ञानस्य jñā́nasya	ज्ञानयोः jñā́nayoḥ	ज्ञानानाम् jñā́nānām
Locative	ज्ञाने jñā́ne	ज्ञानयोः jñā́nayoḥ	ज्ञानेषु jñā́neṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Assamese: জ্ঞান (gyan)
• Bengali: জ্ঞান (gên)
• Gujarati: જ્ઞાન (jñān)
• Hindi: ज्ञान (jñān), گیان (gyān)
• Punjabi: ਗਿਆਨ (giāna)
• Kannada: ಜ್ಞಾನ (jñāna)
• • Old Marathi: जाण (jāṇa)
• → Old Tamil: 𑀜𑀸𑀦𑀫𑁆 (ñānam)
  • Tamil: ஞானம் (ñāṉam)
• Pali: ñāṇa
  • → Burmese: ဉာဏ် (nyan)
  • → Khmer: ញាណ (ñiən)
  • → Thai: ญาณ (yaan)
• • Gujarati: જાણ (jāṇ)
  • Hindi: जान (jān)
  • Punjabi: ਜਾਣ (jāṇ)
• Telugu: జ్ఞానము (jñānamu)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “ज्ञान”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0426.