धातु
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Hindi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Sanskrit धातु m (dhātu), with the gender having changed in recent times.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]धातु • (dhātu) f or m
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This entry needs quotations to illustrate usage. If you come across any interesting, durably archived quotes then please add them! Particularly: “Especially showing the change in gender.” |
Declension
[edit]Declension of धातु (fem u-stem // masc u-stem)
References
[edit]- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “धातु”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
- “धातु”, in Collins Gem Hindi-English Dictionary, Collins, 2011, →ISBN
- Platts, John T. (1884) “धातु”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
Pali
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Alternative scripts
Etymology 1
[edit]
Noun
[edit]धातु f
- Devanagari script form of dhātu (“element”)
Declension
[edit]Declension table of "धातु" (feminine)
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | धातु (dhātu) | धातुयो (dhātuyo) or धातू (dhātū) |
Accusative (second) | धातुं (dhātuṃ) | धातुयो (dhātuyo) or धातू (dhātū) |
Instrumental (third) | धातुया (dhātuyā) | धातूहि (dhātūhi) or धातूभि (dhātūbhi) |
Dative (fourth) | धातुया (dhātuyā) | धातूनं (dhātūnaṃ) |
Ablative (fifth) | धातुया (dhātuyā) | धातूहि (dhātūhi) or धातूभि (dhātūbhi) |
Genitive (sixth) | धातुया (dhātuyā) | धातूनं (dhātūnaṃ) |
Locative (seventh) | धातुया (dhātuyā) or धातुयं (dhātuyaṃ) | धातूसु (dhātūsu) |
Vocative (calling) | धातु (dhātu) | धातुयो (dhātuyo) or धातू (dhātū) |
Etymology 2
[edit]
Noun
[edit]धातु m
- Devanagari script form of dhātu (“root of a word”)
- c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar][3], page 283; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:
- दिस इच्चेतस्स धातुस्स पस्स दिस्स दक्ख इच्चेते आदेसा होन्ति वा।
- Disa iccetassa dhātussa passa dissa dakkha iccete ādesā honti vā.
- 'Dis': this root may become 'pass', 'diss' or 'dakkh'.
Declension
[edit]Declension table of "धातु" (masculine)
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | धातु (dhātu) | धातवो (dhātavo) or धातू (dhātū) |
Accusative (second) | धातुं (dhātuṃ) | धातवो (dhātavo) or धातू (dhātū) |
Instrumental (third) | धातुना (dhātunā) | धातूहि (dhātūhi) or धातूभि (dhātūbhi) |
Dative (fourth) | धातुस्स (dhātussa) or धातुनो (dhātuno) | धातूनं (dhātūnaṃ) |
Ablative (fifth) | धातुस्मा (dhātusmā) or धातुम्हा (dhātumhā) | धातूहि (dhātūhi) or धातूभि (dhātūbhi) |
Genitive (sixth) | धातुस्स (dhātussa) or धातुनो (dhātuno) | धातूनं (dhātūnaṃ) |
Locative (seventh) | धातुस्मिं (dhātusmiṃ) or धातुम्हि (dhātumhi) | धातूसु (dhātūsu) |
Vocative (calling) | धातु (dhātu) | धातवे (dhātave) or धातवो (dhātavo) |
Sanskrit
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Maybe inherited from Proto-Indo-European *dʰéh₁-tu-, in that case cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬍𐬜𐬁𐬙𐬎 (vīδātu, “justification, providence”), Lithuanian dė́tų (“putting, placing”, w:supine) (dated), Old Church Slavonic дѣтъ (dětŭ, “putting, placing”, supine).[1] Can be deconstructed as धा (dhā, “to put, place”) + -तु (-tu) (see दधाति (dádhāti)).[2] The Sanskrit meaning may be explained as having developed from a resultative, ie “*the outcome of putting down”.[3]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]धातु • (dhā́tu) stem, m
- layer, stratum
- constituent part, ingredient
- element, primitive matter
- a constituent element or essential ingredient of the body
- primary element of the earth; i.e. metal, mineral, ore (especially a red mineral)
- (grammar) verbal root
Declension
[edit]Masculine u-stem declension of धातु (dhā́tu) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | धातुः dhā́tuḥ |
धातू dhā́tū |
धातवः dhā́tavaḥ |
Vocative | धातो dhā́to |
धातू dhā́tū |
धातवः dhā́tavaḥ |
Accusative | धातुम् dhā́tum |
धातू dhā́tū |
धातून् dhā́tūn |
Instrumental | धातुना / धात्वा¹ dhā́tunā / dhā́tvā¹ |
धातुभ्याम् dhā́tubhyām |
धातुभिः dhā́tubhiḥ |
Dative | धातवे / धात्वे¹ dhā́tave / dhā́tve¹ |
धातुभ्याम् dhā́tubhyām |
धातुभ्यः dhā́tubhyaḥ |
Ablative | धातोः / धात्वः¹ dhā́toḥ / dhā́tvaḥ¹ |
धातुभ्याम् dhā́tubhyām |
धातुभ्यः dhā́tubhyaḥ |
Genitive | धातोः / धात्वः¹ dhā́toḥ / dhā́tvaḥ¹ |
धात्वोः dhā́tvoḥ |
धातूनाम् dhā́tūnām |
Locative | धातौ dhā́tau |
धात्वोः dhā́tvoḥ |
धातुषु dhā́tuṣu |
Notes |
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Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Marathi: धातू (dhātū)
- Punjabi: dhāt f (“metal”)
- Pali: dhātu f
- → Punjabi: ਧਾਤੂ (dhātū)
- → Old Javanese: dhātu
- → Balinese: ᬥᬵᬢᬸ (datu)
- → Pali: dhātu m (“root of a word”)
- → Thai: ธาตุ (tâat)
- → Telugu: ధాతువు (dhātuvu)
References
[edit]- ^ Wodtko, Dagmar S., Irslinger, Britta, Schneider, Carolin (2008) Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, page 101f.
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 784
- ^ Wackernagel, Jakob (1896-1964) Altindische Grammatik [Grammar of Ancient Indian] (Indogermanische Bibliothek. 2. Reihe: Wörterbücher)[2] (in German), volume II.2, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, pages 663-65
Further reading
[edit]- Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “धातु”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
- Monier Williams (1899) “धातु”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 513.
Categories:
- Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi nouns
- Hindi feminine nouns
- Hindi masculine nouns
- Hindi nouns with multiple genders
- Hindi feminine u-stem nouns
- Hindi masculine u-stem nouns
- Hindi nouns with multiple declensions
- Pali lemmas
- Pali nouns
- Pali nouns in Devanagari script
- Pali feminine nouns
- Pali masculine nouns
- Pali terms with quotations
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms suffixed with -तु
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit nouns
- Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit masculine nouns
- sa:Grammar
- Sanskrit u-stem nouns