बिजली

See also: बिजुली

Hindi

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁

Proto-Indo-European *dwi-

Proto-Indo-European *wí

Sanskrit वि- (vi-)

Proto-Indo-European *dyew-der.

Sanskrit द्युत् (dyut)

Sanskrit विद्युत् (vidyut)

Proto-Indo-European *lentéh₂?

Sanskrit लता (latā)

Sanskrit विद्युल्लता (vidyullatā)

Prakrit 𑀯𑀺𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀼𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀸 (vijjullayā)

Hindi बिजली

Inherited from Old Hindi बिजली (bijalī), बिज्जली (bijjalī), बिजुरिन (bijurina), from Prakrit विज्जुल्लिआ (vijjulliā), विज्जुल्लया (vijjullayā), from Sanskrit विद्युल्लता (vidyullatā, “forked lightning”), from विद्युत् (vidyut, “lightning”) + लता (latā, “creeper, vine, liana”), with the shape of the lightning being compared to a creeper. Cognate with Assamese বিজুলী (bizuli), Sinhalese විදුලිය (widuliya).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /bɪd͡ʒ.liː/

Noun

बिजली • (bijlī) f (Urdu spelling بجلی)

1. electricity

   बिजली जाना ― bijlī jānā ― for the lights to go out

2. lightning, thunder

   बिजली कड़कड़ाना ― bijlī kaṛakṛānā ― to thunder

   बिजली गिरना ― bijlī girnā ― for lightning to strike

Declension

Declension of बिजली (fem ī-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	बिजली bijlī	बिजलियाँ bijliyā̃
oblique	बिजली bijlī	बिजलियों bijliyõ
vocative	बिजली bijlī	बिजलियो bijliyo

Descendants

• → Marathi: बिजली (bij̈lī)
• → Pashto: بجلي

Marathi

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁

Proto-Indo-European *dwi-

Proto-Indo-European *wí

Sanskrit वि- (vi-)

Proto-Indo-European *dyew-der.

Sanskrit द्युत् (dyut)

Sanskrit विद्युत् (vidyut)

Proto-Indo-European *lentéh₂?

Sanskrit लता (latā)

Sanskrit विद्युल्लता (vidyullatā)

Prakrit 𑀯𑀺𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀼𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀸 (vijjullayā)

Hindi बिजली (bijlī)bor.

▲

Sanskrit विद्युल्लता (vidyullatā)

Urdu بِجْلی (bijlī)bor.

Marathi बिजली

Borrowed from Hindustani بِجْلی / बिजली (bijlī). Doublet of वीज (vīj) and विद्युत (vidyut).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bid͡z.li/, [bid͡z.liː]
• Rhymes: -i
• Hyphenation: बिज‧ली

Noun

बिजली • (bij̈lī) f (uncommon)

1. lightning

   Synonyms: वीज (vīj) (standard), विद्युत (vidyut), दामिनी (dāminī)

   • 2010, “अप्सरा आली [apsarā ālī]”, in गुरू ठाकूर [gurū ṭhākūr] (lyrics), अजय-अतुल [ajay-atul] (music), नटरंग [naṭraṅga], performed by बेला शेंडे [belā śeṇḍe], performed by अजय-अतुल [ajay-atul]:

     ही नटली-थटली, जशी उमटली चांदणी रंगमहाली / मी यौवन बिजली, पाहून थिजली इंद्रसभा भवताली

     hī naṭlī-thaṭlī, j̈aśī umaṭlī ċāndaṇī raṅgamahālī / mī yauvan bij̈lī, pāhūn thij̈lī indrasabhā bhavatālī

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Declension

Declension of बिजली (fem ī-stem)
direct singular	बिजली bijlī
direct plural	बिजल्या bijlyā
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	बिजली bijlī		बिजल्या bijlyā
oblique सामान्यरूप	बिजली bijlī		बिजल्यां- bijlyān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	बिजलीला bijlīlā		बिजल्यांना bijlyānnā
ergative	बिजलीने, बिजलीनं bijlīne, bijlīna		बिजल्यांनी bijlyānnī
instrumental	बिजलीशी bijlīśī		बिजल्यांशी bijlyānśī
locative सप्तमी	बिजलीत bijlīt		बिजल्यांत bijlyāt
vocative संबोधन	बिजली bijlī		बिजल्यांनो bijlyānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of बिजली (fem ī-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	बिजलीचा bijlīċā	बिजलीचे bijlīċe	बिजलीची bijlīcī	बिजलीच्या bijlīcā	बिजलीचे, बिजलीचं bijlīċe, bijlīċa	बिजलीची bijlīcī	बिजलीच्या bijlīcā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	बिजल्यांचा bijlyānċā	बिजल्यांचे bijlyānċe	बिजल्यांची bijlyāñcī	बिजल्यांच्या bijlyāncā	बिजल्यांचे, बिजल्यांचं bijlyānċe, bijlyānċa	बिजल्यांची bijlyāñcī	बिजल्यांच्या bijlyāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

References

• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “vidyullatā”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Further reading

• Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983), “बिजली”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “बिजली”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
• Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911), “बिजली”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press