मास्

See also: मास

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

मस् (mas) — only in चन्द्रमस् (candramas)

Alternative scripts

মাস্ (Assamese script)
ᬫᬵᬲ᭄ (Balinese script)
মাস্ (Bengali script)
𑰦𑰯𑰭𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀫𑀸𑀲𑁆 (Brahmi script)
မာသ် (Burmese script)
માસ્ (Gujarati script)
ਮਾਸ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌮𑌾𑌸𑍍 (Grantha script)
ꦩꦴꦱ꧀ (Javanese script)
𑂧𑂰𑂮𑂹 (Kaithi script)
ಮಾಸ್ (Kannada script)
មាស៑ (Khmer script)
ມາສ຺ (Lao script)
മാസ് (Malayalam script)
ᠮᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠰ᠌ (Manchu script)
𑘦𑘰𑘭𑘿 (Modi script)
ᠮᠠᢗᠰ (Mongolian script)
𑧆𑧑𑧍𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
𑐩𑐵𑐳𑑂 (Newa script)
ମାସ୍ (Odia script)
ꢪꢵꢱ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
𑆩𑆳𑆱𑇀 (Sharada script)
𑖦𑖯𑖭𑖿 (Siddham script)
මාස් (Sinhalese script)
𑩴𑩛𑪁 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
𑚢𑚭𑚨𑚶 (Takri script)
மாஸ் (Tamil script)
మాస్ (Telugu script)
มาสฺ (Thai script)
མཱ་ས྄ (Tibetan script)
𑒧𑒰𑒮𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
𑨢𑨊𑨰𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *mā́Has (“moon, month”), from Proto-Indo-European *mḗh₁n̥s (“moon, month”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬂𐬢𐬵 (måŋh, “moon, month”), Old Persian 𐎶𐎠𐏃 (m-a-h /⁠māha⁠/) (whence Persian (mâh)), Latin mēnsis, Ancient Greek μείς (meís), Old English mōna (whence English moon), mōnaþ (whence English month).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /mɑ́ːs/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /mɑːs̪/

Noun

मास् • (mā́s) stem, m

the moon
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.12.7:
  यस्मि॑न् दे॒वा वि॒दथे॑ मा॒दय॑न्ते वि॒वस्व॑तः॒ सद॑ने धा॒रय॑न्ते ।
  सूर्ये॒ ज्योति॒र् अद॑धुर् मा॒स्य् अ१॒॑क्तून् परि॑ द्योत॒निं च॑रतो॒ अज॑स्रा ॥
  yásmin devā́ vidáthe mādáyante vivásvataḥ sádane dhāráyante.
  sū́rye jyótir ádadhur māsy àktū́n pári dyotaníṃ carato ájasrā.
  They in the synod where the Gods rejoice them, where they are seated in Vivasvān's dwelling,
  Have given the Moon his beams, the Sun his splendour-the Two unweariedly maintain their brightness.
a month
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 7.91.2:
  उ॒शन्ता॑ दू॒ता न दभा॑य गो॒पा मा॒सश् च॑ पा॒थः श॒रद॑श् च पू॒र्वीः ।
  इन्द्र॑वायू सुष्टु॒तिर् वा॑म् इया॒ना मा॑र्डी॒कम् ई॑ट्टे सुवि॒तं च॒ नव्य॑म् ॥
  uśántā dūtā́ ná dábhāya gopā́ māsáś ca pātháḥ śarádaś ca pūrvī́ḥ.
  índravāyū suṣṭutír vām iyānā́ mārḍīkám īṭṭe suvitáṃ ca návyam.
  Guardians infallible, eager as envoys' preserve us safe through many months and autumns.
  Addressed to you, our fair praise, Indra-Vāyu, implores your favour and renewed well-being.

Declension

Masculine root-stem declension of मास्
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	माः (mā́ḥ)	मासौ॑ (mā́sau) मासा॑¹ (mā́sā¹)	मासः॑ (mā́saḥ)
accusative	मास॑म् (mā́sam)	मासौ॑ (mā́sau) मासा॑¹ (mā́sā¹)	मा॒सः (māsáḥ)
instrumental	मा॒सा (māsā́)	मा॒द्भ्याम् (mādbhyā́m)	मा॒द्भिः (mādbhíḥ)
dative	मा॒से (māsé)	मा॒द्भ्याम् (mādbhyā́m)	मा॒द्भ्यः (mādbhyáḥ)
ablative	मा॒सः (māsáḥ)	मा॒द्भ्याम् (mādbhyā́m)	मा॒द्भ्यः (mādbhyáḥ)
genitive	मा॒सः (māsáḥ)	मा॒सोः (māsóḥ)	मा॒साम् (māsā́m)
locative	मा॒सि (māsí)	मा॒सोः (māsóḥ)	माः॒सु (māḥsú) मा॒स्सु (māssú)
vocative	माः (mā́ḥ)	मासौ॑ (mā́sau) मासा॑¹ (mā́sā¹)	मासः॑ (mā́saḥ)

¹Vedic

Derived terms

च॒न्द्रम॑स् (candrámas)

Related terms

मास (mā́sa)

References

Monier Williams (1899), “मास्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 814, column 3.
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “más-¹”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 352-3