मास

See also: मस्, मास्, माँस, मांस, मांसं, मासु, मासा, मौसी, मूसा, and मिस

Hindi

Etymology

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀫𑀸𑀲 (māsa), from Sanskrit मास (māsa).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /mɑːs/, [mäːs]

Noun

मास • (mās) m (Urdu spelling ماس)

1. a month

   Synonyms: माह (māh), महीना (mahīnā)

Declension

Declension of मास (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	मास mās	मास mās
oblique	मास mās	मासों māsõ
vocative	मास mās	मासो māso

See also

units of time: समय के मात्रक (samay ke mātrak)edit

• वर्ष (varṣ), साल (sāl), बरस (baras)
• मास (mās), महीना (mahīnā)
• सप्ताह (saptāh)
• दिन (din)
• घंटा (ghaṇṭā)
• मिनट (minaṭ)
• सैकंड (saikaṇḍ)

Konkani

Etymology

From Sanskrit मांस (māṃsa).

Noun

मास • (mās) (Latin script mas, Kannada script ಮಾಸ್)

1. flesh, meat

Marathi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mas/
• Hyphenation: मास
• Rhymes: -as

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Marathi 𑘦𑘰𑘭 (māsa, “flesh, meat”), from Maharastri Prakrit 𑀫𑀸𑀲 (māsa, “flesh, meat”), from Sanskrit मांस (māṃsa, “flesh, meat”). Doublet of मांस (māusa).

Noun

मास • (mās) n

1. flesh, meat

   Synonym: मांस (māusa)

Declension

Declension of मास (neut cons-stem)
direct singular	मास mās
direct plural	मासे, मासं māse, māsa
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	मास mās		मासे, मासं māse, māsa
oblique सामान्यरूप	मासा māsā		मासां- māsān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	मासाला māsālā		मासांना māsānnā
ergative	मासाने, मासानं māsāne, māsāna		मासांनी māsānnī
instrumental	मासाशी māsāśī		मासांशी māsānśī
locative सप्तमी	मासात māsāt		मासांत māsāt
vocative संबोधन	मासा māsā		मासांनो māsānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of मास (neut cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	मासाचा māsāċā	मासाचे māsāċe	मासाची māsācī	मासाच्या māsācā	मासाचे, मासाचं māsāċe, māsāċa	मासाची māsācī	मासाच्या māsācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	मासांचा māsānċā	मासांचे māsānċe	मासांची māsāñcī	मासांच्या māsāncā	मासांचे, मासांचं māsānċe, māsānċa	मासांची māsāñcī	मासांच्या māsāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Etymology 2

Inherited from Old Marathi 𑘦𑘰𑘭 (māsa, “month”), from Maharastri Prakrit 𑀫𑀸𑀲 (māsa, “month”), from Sanskrit मास (māsa). Doublet of महिना (mahinā).

Noun

मास • (mās) m

1. (formal) a month

   Synonym: महिना (mahinā)

Declension

Declension of मास (masc cons-stem)
direct singular	मास mās
direct plural	मास mās
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	मास mās		मास mās
oblique सामान्यरूप	मासा māsā		मासां- māsān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	मासाला māsālā		मासांना māsānnā
ergative	मासाने, मासानं māsāne, māsāna		मासांनी māsānnī
instrumental	मासाशी māsāśī		मासांशी māsānśī
locative सप्तमी	मासात māsāt		मासांत māsāt
vocative संबोधन	मासा māsā		मासांनो māsānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of मास (masc cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	मासाचा māsāċā	मासाचे māsāċe	मासाची māsācī	मासाच्या māsācā	मासाचे, मासाचं māsāċe, māsāċa	मासाची māsācī	मासाच्या māsācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	मासांचा māsānċā	मासांचे māsānċe	मासांची māsāñcī	मासांच्या māsāncā	मासांचे, मासांचं māsānċe, māsānċa	मासांची māsāñcī	मासांच्या māsāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Derived terms

• मासिक (māsik, “monthly”)

See also

units of time: वेळेचे एकक (veḷece ekak)edit

• वर्ष (varṣa)
• मास (mās), महिना (mahinā)
• आठवडा (āṭhavḍā), सप्ताह (saptāh)
• दिवस (divas), दिन (din)
• तास (tās)
• मिनिट (miniṭ)
• सेकंद (sekanda)

References

More information

• Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “मास”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “मास”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
• दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “मास”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ)
• Shankar Gopal Tulpule, Anne Feldhaus (1999) “मास”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• māsa (Latin script)
• 𑀫𑀸𑀲 (Brahmi script)
• মাস (Bengali script)
• මාස (Sinhalese script)
• မာသ or မႃသ (Burmese script)
• มาส or มาสะ (Thai script)
• ᨾᩣᩈ (Tai Tham script)
• ມາສ or ມາສະ (Lao script)
• មាស (Khmer script)
• 𑄟𑄂𑄥 (Chakma script)

Noun

मास m

1. Devanagari script form of māsa (“month”)
2. Devanagari script form of māsa (“mungo bean”)

Declension

Declension table of "मास" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	मासो (māso)	मासा (māsā)
Accusative (second)	मासं (māsaṃ)	मासे (māse)
Instrumental (third)	मासेन (māsena)	मासेहि (māsehi) or मासेभि (māsebhi)
Dative (fourth)	मासस्स (māsassa) or मासाय (māsāya) or मासत्थं (māsatthaṃ)	मासानं (māsānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	मासस्मा (māsasmā) or मासम्हा (māsamhā) or मासा (māsā)	मासेहि (māsehi) or मासेभि (māsebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	मासस्स (māsassa)	मासानं (māsānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	मासस्मिं (māsasmiṃ) or मासम्हि (māsamhi) or मासे (māse)	मासेसु (māsesu)
Vocative (calling)	मास (māsa)	मासा (māsā)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• মাস (Assamese script)
• ᬫᬵᬲ (Balinese script)
• মাস (Bengali script)
• 𑰦𑰯𑰭 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀫𑀸𑀲 (Brahmi script)
• မာသ (Burmese script)
• માસ (Gujarati script)
• ਮਾਸ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌮𑌾𑌸 (Grantha script)
• ꦩꦴꦱ (Javanese script)
• 𑂧𑂰𑂮 (Kaithi script)
• ಮಾಸ (Kannada script)
• មាស (Khmer script)
• ມາສ (Lao script)
• മാസ (Malayalam script)
• ᠮᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠰ᠌ᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘦𑘰𑘭 (Modi script)
• ᠮᠠᢗᠰᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧆𑧑𑧍 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐩𑐵𑐳 (Newa script)
• ମାସ (Odia script)
• ꢪꢵꢱ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆩𑆳𑆱 (Sharada script)
• 𑖦𑖯𑖭 (Siddham script)
• මාස (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩴𑩛𑪁 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚢𑚭𑚨 (Takri script)
• மாஸ (Tamil script)
• మాస (Telugu script)
• มาส (Thai script)
• མཱ་ས (Tibetan script)
• 𑒧𑒰𑒮 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨢𑨊𑨰 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *mā́Hasas (“moon, month”), from Proto-Indo-European *mḗh₁n̥s-o-s (“moon; month”). Cognate with Latin mensis, Ancient Greek μήν (mḗn), Old Persian 𐎶𐎠𐏃 (m-a-h /⁠māha⁠/) (Persian ماه (mâh)), Old English mōnaþ, mōna (whence English month, moon).

See also मास् (mās).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /mɑ́ː.sɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /mɑː.s̪ɐ/

Noun

मास • (mā́sa) stem, m

1. the moon
   • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.92.12:

     उ॒त स्य न॑ उ॒शिजा॑मुर्वि॒या क॒विरहिः॑ शृणोतु बु॒ध्न्यो॒३॒॑ हवी॑मनि।
     सूर्या॒मासा॑ वि॒चर॑न्ता दिवि॒क्षिता॑ धि॒या श॑मीनहुषी अ॒स्य बो॑धतम्॥

     utá syá na uśíjāmurviyā́ kavíráhiḥ śṛṇotu budhnyò hávīmani.
     sū́ryāmā́sā vicárantā divikṣítā dhiyā́ śamīnahuṣī asyá bodhatam.

     And may he too give car, the Sage, from far away, the Dragon of the Deep, to this our yearning call.
     Ye Sun and Moon who dwell in heaven and move in turn, and with your thought, O Earth and Sky, observe this well.

2. a month or the 12th part of the Hindu year
   • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.24.7:

     न यं जर॑न्ति श॒रदो॒ न मासा॒ न द्याव॒ इन्द्र॑मवक॒र्शय॑न्ति।
     वृ॒द्धस्य॑ चिद्वर्धतामस्य त॒नूः स्तोमे॑भिरु॒क्थैश्च॑ श॒स्यमा॑ना॥

     ná yáṃ járanti śarádo ná mā́sā ná dyā́va índramavakarśáyanti.
     vṛddhásya cidvardhatāmasya tanū́ḥ stómebhirukthaíśca śasyámānā.

     That Indra whom nor months nor autumn seasons cause to wither with age, nor fleeting days enfeeble,—
     Still may his body Wax, even now so mighty, glorified by the lauds and hymns that praise him.

   मासम् (māsam) — for a month

   मासम् एकम् (māsam ekam) — for one month

   मासेन (māsena) — in the course of a month

   मासे (māse) — in a month = after the lapse of a month

3. a symbolical name for the number twelve

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of मास

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	मासः (mā́saḥ)	मासौ (mā́sau) मासा¹ (mā́sā¹)	मासाः (mā́sāḥ) मासासः¹ (mā́sāsaḥ¹)
accusative	मासम् (mā́sam)	मासौ (mā́sau) मासा¹ (mā́sā¹)	मासान् (mā́sān)
instrumental	मासेन (mā́sena)	मासाभ्याम् (mā́sābhyām)	मासैः (mā́saiḥ) मासेभिः¹ (mā́sebhiḥ¹)
dative	मासाय (mā́sāya)	मासाभ्याम् (mā́sābhyām)	मासेभ्यः (mā́sebhyaḥ)
ablative	मासात् (mā́sāt)	मासाभ्याम् (mā́sābhyām)	मासेभ्यः (mā́sebhyaḥ)
genitive	मासस्य (mā́sasya)	मासयोः (mā́sayoḥ)	मासानाम् (mā́sānām)
locative	मासे (mā́se)	मासयोः (mā́sayoḥ)	मासेषु (mā́seṣu)
vocative	मास (mā́sa)	मासौ (mā́sau) मासा¹ (mā́sā¹)	मासाः (mā́sāḥ) मासासः¹ (mā́sāsaḥ¹)

• ¹Vedic

Descendants

• Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀫𑀸𑀲 (māsa)
  • Assamese: মাহ (mah)
  • Bengali: মাস (maś)
  • Odia: ମାସ (māsa)
• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀸𑀲 (māsa)
  • Marathi: मास (mās)
• Pali: māsa
• Paisaci Prakrit:
  • Punjabi: مَان٘ہہ (māṉh)
  • Saraiki: مَان٘ہہ (māṉh)
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀫𑀸𑀲 (māsa)
  • Gujarati: માસ (mās)
  • Hindi: मास (mās)
  • Nepali: मास (mās)
• Sinhalese: මාසය (māsaya)
• → Malayalam: മാസം (māsaṁ)
• → Kannada: ಮಾಸ (māsa)
• → Old Javanese: māsa
  • Javanese: ꦩꦁꦱ (mangsa)
  • → Balinese: ᬫᬵᬲ (masa)
• → Tamil: மாசம் (mācam), மாதம் (mātam)
• → Telugu: మాసము (māsamu)

See also

• चन्द्र (candrá)
• सोम (sóma)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “मास”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0814.