मास

See also: मस्, मास्, माँस, मांस, मांसं, मासु, मासा, मौसी, मूसा, and मिस

Hindi

Etymology

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀫𑀸𑀲 (māsa), from Sanskrit मास (māsa). Doublet of माह (māh). Cognate of English moon.

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /mɑːs/, [mäːs]

Noun

मास • (mās) m (Urdu spelling ماس)

1. a month

   Synonyms: माह (māh), महीना (mahīnā)

Declension

Declension of मास (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	मास mās	मास mās
oblique	मास mās	मासों māsõ
vocative	मास mās	मासो māso

Konkani

Etymology

From Sanskrit मांस (māṃsá), from Proto-Indo-European *mḗms. Compare Kalasha mos.

Noun

मास • (mās) (Latin script mas, Kannada script ಮಾಸ್)

1. flesh

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative forms

• māsa (Latin script)
• 𑀫𑀸𑀲 (Brahmi script)
• মাস (Bengali script)
• මාස (Sinhalese script)
• မာသ or မႃသ (Burmese script)
• มาส or มาสะ (Thai script)
• ᨾᩣᩈ (Tai Tham script)
• ມາສ or ມາສະ (Lao script)
• មាស (Khmer script)
• 𑄟𑄂𑄥 (Chakma script)

Noun

मास m

1. Devanagari script form of māsa (“month”)
2. Devanagari script form of māsa (“mungo bean”)

Declension

Declension table of "मास" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	मासो (māso)	मासा (māsā)
Accusative (second)	मासं (māsaṃ)	मासे (māse)
Instrumental (third)	मासेन (māsena)	मासेहि (māsehi) or मासेभि (māsebhi)
Dative (fourth)	मासस्स (māsassa) or मासाय (māsāya) or मासत्थं (māsatthaṃ)	मासानं (māsānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	मासस्मा (māsasmā) or मासम्हा (māsamhā) or मासा (māsā)	मासेहि (māsehi) or मासेभि (māsebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	मासस्स (māsassa)	मासानं (māsānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	मासस्मिं (māsasmiṃ) or मासम्हि (māsamhi) or मासे (māse)	मासेसु (māsesu)
Vocative (calling)	मास (māsa)	मासा (māsā)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• মাস (Assamese script)
• ᬫᬵᬲ (Balinese script)
• মাস (Bengali script)
• 𑰦𑰯𑰭 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀫𑀸𑀲 (Brahmi script)
• မာသ (Burmese script)
• માસ (Gujarati script)
• ਮਾਸ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌮𑌾𑌸 (Grantha script)
• ꦩꦴꦱ (Javanese script)
• 𑂧𑂰𑂮 (Kaithi script)
• ಮಾಸ (Kannada script)
• មាស (Khmer script)
• ມາສ (Lao script)
• മാസ (Malayalam script)
• ᠮᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠰ᠌ᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘦𑘰𑘭 (Modi script)
• ᠮᠠᢗᠰᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧆𑧑𑧍 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐩𑐵𑐳 (Newa script)
• ମାସ (Odia script)
• ꢪꢵꢱ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆩𑆳𑆱 (Sharada script)
• 𑖦𑖯𑖭 (Siddham script)
• මාස (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩴𑩛𑪁 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚢𑚭𑚨 (Takri script)
• மாஸ (Tamil script)
• మాస (Telugu script)
• มาส (Thai script)
• མཱ་ས (Tibetan script)
• 𑒧𑒰𑒮 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨢𑨊𑨰 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *mā́Hasas (“moon, month”), from Proto-Indo-European *mḗh₁n̥s (“moon; month”), which underwent thematicization. Cognate with Latin mensis, Ancient Greek μήν (mḗn), Old Persian 𐎶𐎠𐏃 (m-a-h /⁠māha⁠/) (Persian ماه (mâh)), Old English mōnaþ, mōna (whence English month, moon).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /mɑ́ː.sɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈmɑː.s̪ɐ/

Noun

मास • (mā́sa) stem, m

1. the moon
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.92.12:

     सूर्यामासा विचरन्ता दिविक्षिता धिया शमीनहुषी अस्य बोधतम् ॥

     sūryāmāsā vicarantā divikṣitā dhiyā śamīnahuṣī asya bodhatam .

     Ye Sun and Moon who dwell in heaven and move in turn, and with your thought, O Earth and Sky, observe this well.

2. a month or the 12th part of the Hindu year
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.24.7:

     न यं जरन्ति शरदो न मासा न द्याव इन्द्रमवकर्शयन्ति ।
     वृद्धस्य चिद्वर्धतामस्य तनू स्तोमेभिरुक्थैश्च शस्यमाना ॥

     na yaṃ jaranti śarado na māsā na dyāva indramavakarśayanti .
     vṛddhasya cidvardhatāmasya tanū stomebhirukthaiśca śasyamānā .

     That Indra whom nor months nor autumn seasons cause to wither with age, nor fleeting days enfeeble,—
     Still may his body Wax, e’en now so mighty, glorified by the lauds and hymns that praise him.

   मासम् (māsam) — for a month

   मासम् एकम् (māsam ekam) — for one month

   मासेन (māsena) — in the course of a month

   मासे (māse) — in a month = after the lapse of a month

3. a symbolical name for the number twelve

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of मास (mā́sa)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मासः mā́saḥ	मासौ / मासा¹ mā́sau / mā́sā¹	मासाः / मासासः¹ mā́sāḥ / mā́sāsaḥ¹
Vocative	मास mā́sa	मासौ / मासा¹ mā́sau / mā́sā¹	मासाः / मासासः¹ mā́sāḥ / mā́sāsaḥ¹
Accusative	मासम् mā́sam	मासौ / मासा¹ mā́sau / mā́sā¹	मासान् mā́sān
Instrumental	मासेन mā́sena	मासाभ्याम् mā́sābhyām	मासैः / मासेभिः¹ mā́saiḥ / mā́sebhiḥ¹
Dative	मासाय mā́sāya	मासाभ्याम् mā́sābhyām	मासेभ्यः mā́sebhyaḥ
Ablative	मासात् mā́sāt	मासाभ्याम् mā́sābhyām	मासेभ्यः mā́sebhyaḥ
Genitive	मासस्य mā́sasya	मासयोः mā́sayoḥ	मासानाम् mā́sānām
Locative	मासे mā́se	मासयोः mā́sayoḥ	मासेषु mā́seṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀫𑀸𑀲 (māsa)
  • Assamese: মাহ (mah)
  • Bengali: মাস (maś)
  • Odia: ମାସ (masô)
• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀸𑀲 (māsa)
  • Marathi: मास (mās)
• Pali: māsa
• Paisaci Prakrit:
  • Punjabi: مَان٘ہہ (māṉh)
  • Saraiki: مَان٘ہہ (māṉh)
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀫𑀸𑀲 (māsa)
  • Gujarati: માસ (mās)
  • Hindi: मास (mās)
  • Nepali: मास (mās)
• Sinhalese: මාසය (māsaya)
• → Malayalam: മാസം (māsaṁ)
• → Kannada: ಮಾಸ (māsa)
• → Old Javanese: māsa
  • Javanese: ꦩꦁꦱ (mangsa)
  • → Balinese: ᬫᬵᬲ (masa)
• → Tamil: மாசம் (mācam), மாதம் (mātam)
• → Telugu: మాసము (māsamu)

See also

• चन्द्र (candrá)
• सोम (sóma)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “मास”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0814.