मांस

See also: माँस, मांसं, मास, मासु, मासा, मौसी, मूसा, and मिस

Hindi

Alternative forms

• माँस (mā̃s)
• मास (mās) — obsolete

Etymology

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀫𑀁𑀲 (maṃsa), from Sanskrit मांस (māṃsa), from Proto-Indo-European *mēmsóm. Cognate with Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐌼𐌶 (mimz) and Albanian mish.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /mɑːns/, [mä̃ːns]

Noun

मांस • (māns) m (Urdu spelling مانس or ماس)

1. meat

   Synonyms: गोश्त (gośt), बोटी (boṭī)

   इस मांस में बहुत चिकनाई होती है।

   is māns mẽ bahut ciknāī hotī hai.

   There is a lot of grease in this meat.

   यह मांस विशेष रूप से तुम्हारे लिए पकाया गया था।

   yah māns viśeṣ rūp se tumhāre lie pakāyā gayā thā.

   This meat was cooked especially for you.

2. flesh

   रोग के कारण, उसके टांग का मांस फूला-फूला हो गया था।

   rog ke kāraṇ, uske ṭāṅg kā māns phūlā-phūlā ho gayā thā.

   Due to the disease, the flesh on his legs became swollen.

Declension

Declension of मांस (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	मांस māns	मांस māns
oblique	मांस māns	मांसों mānsõ
vocative	मांस māns	मांसो mānso

Related terms

• मांसपेशी (mānspeśī)
• मांसभक्षी (mānsbhakṣī)
• मांसल (mānsal)
• मांसाहार (mānsāhār)
• मांसाहारी (mānsāhārī)
• हाड़-मांस (hāṛ-māns)

References

• Bahri, Hardev (1989), “मांस”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “मांस”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Marathi

Etymology

From Sanskrit मांस (māṃsa), from Proto-Indo-European *mḗms.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mau.sə/

Noun

मांस • (māusa) n

1. flesh

Declension

Declension of मांस (neut cons-stem)
direct singular	मांस māusa
direct plural	मांसे, मांसं māuse, māusa
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	मांस māusa		मांसे, मांसं māuse, māusa
oblique सामान्यरूप	मांसा māusā		मांसां- māusān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	मांसाला māusālā		मांसांना māusānnā
ergative	मांसाने, मांसानं māusāne, māusāna		मांसांनी māusānnī
instrumental	मांसाशी māusāśī		मांसांशी māusānśī
locative सप्तमी	मांसात māusāt		मांसांत māusāt
vocative संबोधन	मांसा māusā		मांसांनो māusānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of मांस (neut cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	मांसाचा māusāċā	मांसाचे māusāċe	मांसाची māusācī	मांसाच्या māusācā	मांसाचे, मांसाचं māusāċe, māusāċa	मांसाची māusācī	मांसाच्या māusācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	मांसांचा māusānċā	मांसांचे māusānċe	मांसांची māusāñcī	मांसांच्या māusāncā	मांसांचे, मांसांचं māusānċe, māusānċa	मांसांची māusāñcī	मांसांच्या māusāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Derived terms

• मांसाहारी (māusāhārī, “non vegetarian”)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• মাংস (Assamese script)
• ᬫᬵᬂᬲ (Balinese script)
• মাংস (Bengali script)
• 𑰦𑰯𑰽𑰭 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀫𑀸𑀁𑀲 (Brahmi script)
• မာံသ (Burmese script)
• માંસ (Gujarati script)
• ਮਾਂਸ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌮𑌾𑌂𑌸 (Grantha script)
• ꦩꦴꦁꦱ (Javanese script)
• 𑂧𑂰𑂁𑂮 (Kaithi script)
• ಮಾಂಸ (Kannada script)
• មាំស (Khmer script)
• ມາໍສ (Lao script)
• മാംസ (Malayalam script)
• ᢀ᠋ᠮᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠰ᠌ᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘦𑘰𑘽𑘭 (Modi script)
• ᢀ᠋ᠮᠠᢗᠰᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧆𑧑𑧞𑧍 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐩𑐵𑑄𑐳 (Newa script)
• ମାଂସ (Odia script)
• ꢪꢵꢀꢱ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆩𑆳𑆁𑆱 (Sharada script)
• 𑖦𑖯𑖽𑖭 (Siddham script)
• මාංස (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩴𑩛𑪖𑪁 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚢𑚭𑚫𑚨 (Takri script)
• மாஂஸ (Tamil script)
• మాంస (Telugu script)
• มาํส (Thai script)
• མཱཾ་ས (Tibetan script)
• 𑒧𑒰𑓀𑒮 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨢𑨊𑨸𑨰 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *mems-

Proto-Indo-European *mḗmsder.

Proto-Indo-Iranian *māmsám

Sanskrit मांस

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *māmsám, from Proto-Indo-European *mēms-ó-m (“flesh, meat”). Cognate with Albanian mish, Old Church Slavonic мѧсо (męso), Latin membrum, Old Armenian միս (mis), Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐌼𐌶 (mimz, “meat”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /mɑ̃ː.sɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /mɑ̃ː.s̪ɐ/

Noun

मां॒स • (māṃsá) stem, n

1. flesh, meat
   • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.161.10:

     श्रो॒णाम् एक॑ उद॒कं गाम् अवा॑जति मां॒सम् एकः॑ पिंशति सू॒नयाभृ॑तं ।

     śroṇā́m éka udakáṃ gā́m ávājati māṃsám ékaḥ piṃśati sūnáyā́bhṛtaṃ.

     One drives the crippled cow downward to the water, another trims the meat brought on the carving-board.

2. name of a mixed caste

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of मां॒स

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	मां॒सम् (māṃsám)	मां॒से (māṃsé)	मां॒सानि॑ (māṃsā́ni) मां॒सा¹ (māṃsā́¹)
accusative	मां॒सम् (māṃsám)	मां॒से (māṃsé)	मां॒सानि॑ (māṃsā́ni) मां॒सा¹ (māṃsā́¹)
instrumental	मां॒सेन॑ (māṃséna)	मां॒साभ्या॑म् (māṃsā́bhyām)	मां॒सैः (māṃsáiḥ) मां॒सेभिः॑¹ (māṃsébhiḥ¹)
dative	मां॒साय॑ (māṃsā́ya)	मां॒साभ्या॑म् (māṃsā́bhyām)	मां॒सेभ्यः॑ (māṃsébhyaḥ)
ablative	मां॒सात् (māṃsā́t)	मां॒साभ्या॑म् (māṃsā́bhyām)	मां॒सेभ्यः॑ (māṃsébhyaḥ)
genitive	मां॒सस्य॑ (māṃsásya)	मां॒सयोः॑ (māṃsáyoḥ)	मां॒साना॑म् (māṃsā́nām)
locative	मां॒से (māṃsé)	मां॒सयोः॑ (māṃsáyoḥ)	मां॒सेषु॑ (māṃséṣu)
vocative	मांस॑ (mā́ṃsa)	मांसे॑ (mā́ṃse)	मांसा॑नि (mā́ṃsāni) मांसा॑¹ (mā́ṃsā¹)

• ¹Vedic

Borrowed terms

• → Assamese: মাংস (maṅxo)
• → Bengali: মাংস (maṅśo)
• → Hindi: मांस (māns)
• → Kannada: ಮಾಂಸ (māṃsa)
• → Malayalam: മാംസം (māṁsaṁ)
• → Malay: mangsa
• → Odia: ମାଂସ (māṁsa)
• → Old Javanese: māṅsa
  • Javanese: ꦩꦁꦱ (mangsa)
  • → Balinese: ᬫᬵᬗ᭄ᬲ (mangsa), ᬫᬗ᭄ᬲ (mangsa)
• → Tamil: மாமிசம் (māmicam)
• → Telugu: మాంసం (māṁsaṁ), మాంసము (māṁsamu)

Descendants

• Dardic:
  • Dameli: [script needed] (mās)
  • Domaaki: [script needed] (mos)
  • Kalami: [script needed] (mā̃s)
  • Kalasha: mos
  • Kashmiri: ماس (mās), ماز (māz)
  • Kohistani Shina: [script needed] (mos)
  • Palula: [script needed] (mahās)
  • Savi: [script needed] (mās)
  • Shina: موز (moz), [script needed] (mos)
  • Tirahi: [script needed] (mās)
  • Torwali: ماس (mās)
  • Wotapuri-Katarqalai: [script needed] (mās)
• Helu Prakrit:
  • Dhivehi: މަސް (mas)
  • Sinhalese: මස් (mas), මහ (maha)
• Kholosi: māz
• Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀫𑀁𑀰 (maṃśa)
  • Assamese: মঙহ (moṅoh)
  • Bengali: মাস (maś)
  • Bihari:
    • Bhojpuri: माँस (mā̃s)
    • Magahi: 𑂧𑂰𑂁𑂮 (māns)
    • Maithili: मास (mās), मासु (māsu)
• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀁𑀲 (maṃsa), 𑀫𑀸𑀲 (māsa), 𑀫𑀁𑀰 (maṃśa) — Māgadhī
  • Central:
    • Eastern Hindi:
      • Chhattisgarhi: मास (mās)
    • Western Hindi:
      • Old Hindi: मांस (mā̃sa)
        • Braj: मास (mās)
        • Bundeli: मास (mās), माँस (mā̃s)
        • Hindustani: mā̃s, mās

          Hindi: माँस, मास

          Urdu: مَان٘سْ (mā̃s), مَاسْ (mās)

  • Northern:
    • Central Pahari:
      • Garhwali: मासु (māsu)
      • Kumaoni: मासु (māsu)
    • Eastern Pahari:
      • Nepali: मासु (māsu)
    • Western Pahari:
      • Dogri: mās

        Devanagari script: मास

        Dogra script: 𑠢𑠬𑠩

  • Southern:
    • Insular:
      • Dhivehi: މަސް (mas)
      • Sinhalese: මස් (mas), මහ (maha)
    • Marathi-Konkani:
      • Konkani: mās

        Devanagari script: मास

        Kannada script: ಮಾಸ್

        Latin script: mas

      • Old Marathi: mauṃsa

        Devanagari script: मौंस

        Modi script: 𑘦𑘼𑘽𑘭

        • Marathi: mās, māusa

          Devanagari script: मास, मांस

          Modi script: 𑘦𑘰𑘭, 𑘦𑘰𑘽𑘭

  • Northwestern:
    • Sindhi: māhu

      Arabic script: ماهُ

      Devanagari script: माहु

      Khudabadi script: 𑋗𑋠𑋞𑋣

  • Western:
    • Ahirani: मास (mās)
    • Gojri: مَاسْ (mās)
    • Gujarati: માંસ (mā̃s)
    • Kholosi: môz
    • Malvi: माँस (mā̃s)
    • Marwari:

      Devanagari script: मंस (mans), मांस (māns), माँस (mā̃s), मौंस (ma͠us)

      Mahajani script: 𑅬𑅧𑅰 (mns), 𑅬𑅒𑅧𑅰 (muns)

    • Romani: mas
  • Old Marathi: मांस (māṃsa)
    • Marathi: मांस (māusa)
• Pali: maṁsa
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀫𑀁𑀲 (maṃsa), 𑀫𑀸𑀲 (māsa), 𑀫𑀁𑀰 (maṃśa) — Māgadhī
  • Central:
    • Eastern Hindi:
      • Chhattisgarhi: मास (mās)
    • Western Hindi:
      • Old Hindi: मांस (mā̃sa)
        • Braj: मास (mās)
        • Bundeli: मास (mās), माँस (mā̃s)
        • Hindustani: mā̃s, mās

          Hindi: माँस, मास

          Urdu: مَان٘سْ (mā̃s), مَاسْ (mās)

  • Northern:
    • Central Pahari:
      • Garhwali: मासु (māsu)
      • Kumaoni: मासु (māsu)
    • Eastern Pahari:
      • Nepali: मासु (māsu)
    • Western Pahari:
      • Dogri: mās

        Devanagari script: मास

        Dogra script: 𑠢𑠬𑠩

  • Southern:
    • Insular:
      • Dhivehi: މަސް (mas)
      • Sinhalese: මස් (mas), මහ (maha)
    • Marathi-Konkani:
      • Konkani: mās

        Devanagari script: मास

        Kannada script: ಮಾಸ್

        Latin script: mas

      • Old Marathi: mauṃsa

        Devanagari script: मौंस

        Modi script: 𑘦𑘼𑘽𑘭

        • Marathi: mās, māusa

          Devanagari script: मास, मांस

          Modi script: 𑘦𑘰𑘭, 𑘦𑘰𑘽𑘭

  • Northwestern:
    • Sindhi: māhu

      Arabic script: ماهُ

      Devanagari script: माहु

      Khudabadi script: 𑋗𑋠𑋞𑋣

  • Western:
    • Ahirani: मास (mās)
    • Gojri: مَاسْ (mās)
    • Gujarati: માંસ (mā̃s)
    • Kholosi: môz
    • Malvi: माँस (mā̃s)
    • Marwari:

      Devanagari script: मंस (mans), मांस (māns), माँस (mā̃s), मौंस (ma͠us)

      Mahajani script: 𑅬𑅧𑅰 (mns), 𑅬𑅒𑅧𑅰 (muns)

    • Romani: mas
• → Tamil: மாமிசம் (māmicam)

Further reading

• Monier Williams (1899), “मांस”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 805, column 1.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “māṁsá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press