ἀείδω
Appearance
Ancient Greek
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Hellenic *awéidō.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /a.ěː.dɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /aˈi.do/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /aˈi.ðo/
- (10th CE Medieval) IPA(key): /aˈi.ðo/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /aˈi.ðo/
Verb
[edit]ᾰ̓είδω • (ăeídō) (Epic, Tragic, Ionic, Doric)
- (ambitransitive) to sing, chant, praise
- c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.1–2:
- Μῆνιν ἄειδε, θεᾱ́, Πηληϊάδε͜ω Ἀχιλῆος
οὐλομένην, ἣ μῡρί’ Ἀχαιοῖς ἄλγε’ ἔθηκε ...- Mênin áeide, theā́, Pēlēïáde͜ō Akhilêos
ouloménēn, hḕ mūrí’ Akhaioîs álge’ éthēke ...
- 1898 translation by Samuel Butler
- Sing, O goddess, the rage of Achilles son of Peleus, that brought countless ills upon the Achaeans.
- Mênin áeide, theā́, Pēlēïáde͜ō Akhilêos
- Μῆνιν ἄειδε, θεᾱ́, Πηληϊάδε͜ω Ἀχιλῆος
- (ambitransitive) to make various noises: hoot, howl, croak
- (transitive) to celebrate, praise
Conjugation
[edit] Present: ᾰ̓είδω, ᾰ̓είδομαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ᾄδω | ᾄδεις | ᾄδει | ᾄδετον | ᾄδετον | ᾄδομεν | ᾄδετε | ᾄδουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | ᾄδω | ᾄδῃς | ᾄδῃ | ᾄδητον | ᾄδητον | ᾄδωμεν | ᾄδητε | ᾄδωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | ᾄδοιμῐ | ᾄδοις | ᾄδοι | ᾄδοιτον | ᾀδοίτην | ᾄδοιμεν | ᾄδοιτε | ᾄδοιεν | |||||
| imperative | ᾆδε | ᾀδέτω | ᾄδετον | ᾀδέτων | ᾄδετε | ᾀδόντων | |||||||
| middle/ |
indicative | ᾄδομαι | ᾄδῃ, ᾄδει |
ᾄδεται | ᾄδεσθον | ᾄδεσθον | ᾀδόμεθᾰ | ᾄδεσθε | ᾄδονται | ||||
| subjunctive | ᾄδωμαι | ᾄδῃ | ᾄδηται | ᾄδησθον | ᾄδησθον | ᾀδώμεθᾰ | ᾄδησθε | ᾄδωνται | |||||
| optative | ᾀδοίμην | ᾄδοιο | ᾄδοιτο | ᾄδοισθον | ᾀδοίσθην | ᾀδοίμεθᾰ | ᾄδοισθε | ᾄδοιντο | |||||
| imperative | ᾄδου | ᾀδέσθω | ᾄδεσθον | ᾀδέσθων | ᾄδεσθε | ᾀδέσθων | |||||||
| active | middle/ | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | ᾄδειν | ᾄδεσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | ᾄδων | ᾀδόμενος | ||||||||||
| f | ᾄδουσᾰ | ᾀδομένη | |||||||||||
| n | ᾆδον | ᾀδόμενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἤειδον | ἤειδες | ἤειδε(ν) | ἠείδετον | ἠειδέτην | ἠείδομεν | ἠείδετε | ἤειδον | ||||
| middle/ |
indicative | ἠειδόμην | ἠείδου | ἠείδετο | ἠείδεσθον | ἠειδέσθην | ἠειδόμεθᾰ | ἠείδεσθε | ἠείδοντο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ᾖδον | ᾖδες | ᾖδε(ν) | ᾔδετον | ᾐδέτην | ᾔδομεν | ᾔδετε | ᾖδον | ||||
| middle/ |
indicative | ᾐδόμην | ᾔδου | ᾔδετο | ᾔδεσθον | ᾐδέσθην | ᾐδόμεθᾰ | ᾔδεσθε | ᾔδοντο | ||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ᾰ̓́ειδον | ᾰ̓́ειδες | ᾰ̓́ειδε(ν) | ᾰ̓είδετον | ᾰ̓ειδέτην | ᾰ̓είδομεν | ᾰ̓είδετε | ᾰ̓́ειδον | ||||
| middle/ |
indicative | ᾰ̓ειδόμην | ᾰ̓είδεο, ᾰ̓είδευ |
ᾰ̓είδετο | ᾰ̓είδεσθον | ᾰ̓ειδέσθην | ᾰ̓ειδόμε(σ)θᾰ | ᾰ̓είδεσθε | ᾰ̓είδοντο | ||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ᾄσω | ᾄσεις | ᾄσει | ᾄσετον | ᾄσετον | ᾄσομεν | ᾄσετε | ᾄσουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| optative | ᾄσοιμῐ | ᾄσοις | ᾄσοι | ᾄσοιτον | ᾀσοίτην | ᾄσοιμεν | ᾄσοιτε | ᾄσοιεν | |||||
| middle | indicative | ᾄσομαι | ᾄσῃ, ᾄσει |
ᾄσεται | ᾄσεσθον | ᾄσεσθον | ᾀσόμεθᾰ | ᾄσεσθε | ᾄσονται | ||||
| optative | ᾀσοίμην | ᾄσοιο | ᾄσοιτο | ᾄσοισθον | ᾀσοίσθην | ᾀσοίμεθᾰ | ᾄσοισθε | ᾄσοιντο | |||||
| passive | indicative | ᾀσθήσομαι | ᾀσθήσῃ, ᾀσθήσει |
ᾀσθήσεται | ᾀσθήσεσθον | ᾀσθήσεσθον | ᾀσθησόμεθᾰ | ᾀσθήσεσθε | ᾀσθήσονται | ||||
| optative | ᾀσθησοίμην | ᾀσθήσοιο | ᾀσθήσοιτο | ᾀσθήσοισθον | ᾀσθησοίσθην | ᾀσθησοίμεθᾰ | ᾀσθήσοισθε | ᾀσθήσοιντο | |||||
| active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
| infinitive | ᾄσειν | ᾄσεσθαι | ᾀσθήσεσθαι | ||||||||||
| participle | m | ᾄσων | ᾀσόμενος | ᾀσθησόμενος | |||||||||
| f | ᾄσουσᾰ | ᾀσομένη | ᾀσθησομένη | ||||||||||
| n | ᾆσον | ᾀσόμενον | ᾀσθησόμενον | ||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle | indicative | ᾅσομαι | ᾅσεαι, ᾅσῃ |
ᾅσεται | ᾅσεσθον | ᾅσεσθον | ᾁσόμε(σ)θᾰ | ᾅσεσθε | ᾅσονται | ||||
| optative | ᾁσοίμην | ᾅσοιο | ᾅσοιτο | ᾅσοισθον | ᾁσοίσθην | ᾁσοίμε(σ)θᾰ | ᾅσοισθε | ᾁσοίᾰτο | |||||
| middle | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | ᾅσεσθαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | ᾁσόμενος | |||||||||||
| f | ᾁσομένη | ||||||||||||
| n | ᾁσόμενον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Perfect: ᾖσμαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle/ |
indicative | ᾖσμαι | ᾖσαι | ᾖσται | ᾖσθον | ᾖσθον | ᾔσμεθᾰ | ᾖσθε | ᾔσᾰται | ||||
| subjunctive | ᾐσμένος ὦ | ᾐσμένος ᾖς | ᾐσμένος ᾖ | ᾐσμένω ἦτον | ᾐσμένω ἦτον | ᾐσμένοι ὦμεν | ᾐσμένοι ἦτε | ᾐσμένοι ὦσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | ᾐσμένος εἴην | ᾐσμένος εἴης | ᾐσμένος εἴη | ᾐσμένω εἴητον, εἶτον |
ᾐσμένω εἰήτην, εἴτην |
ᾐσμένοι εἴημεν, εἶμεν |
ᾐσμένοι εἴητε, εἶτε |
ᾐσμένοι εἴησᾰν, εἶεν | |||||
| imperative | ᾖσο | ᾔσθω | ᾖσθον | ᾔσθων | ᾖσθε | ᾔσθων | |||||||
| middle/ | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | ᾖσθαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | ᾐσμένος | |||||||||||
| f | ᾐσμένη | ||||||||||||
| n | ᾐσμένον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Pluperfect: ᾔσμην
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- → Esperanto: aedo
References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ἀείδω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 23
Further reading
[edit]- “ἀείδω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἀείδω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ἀείδω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- “ἀείδω” in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἀείδω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “ἀείδω” in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2026)
- “ἀείδω”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- carol idem, page 114.
- celebrate idem, page 120.
- chant idem, page 124.
- chirp idem, page 130.
- commemorate idem, page 147.
- crow idem, page 186.
- extol idem, page 297.
- glorify idem, page 363.
- hymn idem, page 412.
- immortalise idem, page 418.
- intone idem, page 454.
- laud idem, page 478.
- magnify idem, page 507.
- pipe idem, page 614.
- praise idem, page 631.
- sing idem, page 777.
- warble idem, page 964.
- ἀείδω, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek 3-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek verbs
- Ancient Greek paroxytone terms
- Epic Greek
- Ionic Greek
- Doric Greek
- Ancient Greek transitive verbs
- Ancient Greek intransitive verbs
- Ancient Greek terms with quotations
- grc:Music