ἀρετή

See also: Ἀρετή and αρετή

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ᾰ̓ρετᾱ́ (aretā́) — Doric

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂erh₁-.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /a.re.tɛ̌ː/ → /a.reˈti/ → /a.reˈti/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /a.re.tɛ̌ː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /a.reˈte̝/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /a.reˈti/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /a.reˈti/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /a.reˈti/

Noun

ᾰ̓ρετή • (aretḗ) f (genitive ᾰ̓ρετῆς); first declension

1. goodness, excellence
2. manliness, prowess, rank, valour
3. virtue
4. character, reputation, glory, fame, dignity, distinction
5. miracle, wonder
6. (as a title) "your worship"
7. plaster

Inflection

First declension of ἡ ᾰ̓ρετή; τῆς ᾰ̓ρετῆς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ᾰ̓ρετή hē aretḗ	τὼ ᾰ̓ρετᾱ́ tṑ aretā́	αἱ ᾰ̓ρεταί hai aretaí
Genitive	τῆς ᾰ̓ρετῆς tês aretês	τοῖν ᾰ̓ρεταῖν toîn aretaîn	τῶν ᾰ̓ρετῶν tôn aretôn
Dative	τῇ ᾰ̓ρετῇ têi aretêi	τοῖν ᾰ̓ρεταῖν toîn aretaîn	ταῖς ᾰ̓ρεταῖς taîs aretaîs
Accusative	τὴν ᾰ̓ρετήν tḕn aretḗn	τὼ ᾰ̓ρετᾱ́ tṑ aretā́	τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓ρετᾱ́ς tā̀s aretā́s
Vocative	ᾰ̓ρετή aretḗ	ᾰ̓ρετᾱ́ aretā́	ᾰ̓ρεταί aretaí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• → Coptic: ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲏ (aretē)
• → English: arete
• Greek: αρετή (aretí)

References

• “ἀρετή”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἀρετή”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ἀρετή”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ἀρετή in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• ἀρετή in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• ἀρετή in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• G703 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • boldness idem, page 88.
  • bravery idem, page 94.
  • courage idem, page 178.
  • excellence idem, page 288.
  • fortitude idem, page 340.
  • gallantry idem, page 352.
  • goodness idem, page 367.
  • heroism idem, page 398.
  • merit idem, page 526.
  • valour idem, page 943.
  • virtue idem, page 954.
  • well-doing idem, page 974.