ὑπερήφανος

See also: υπερήφανος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ὑπερᾱ́φανος (huperā́phanos) — Doric, Aeolic

Etymology

Traditionally derived from ὑπερφανής (huperphanḗs, “appearing over; showing oneself above others”), or directly from ῠ̔πέρ (hupér, “over, above”) +‎ φᾱνός (phānós, “appearing, shining, bright, resplendent”), in both cases, with epenthetic vowel -η- (-ē-) inserted, perhaps on the model of ὑπερήνωρ (huperḗnōr, “arrogant”). However, Beekes is skeptical, analyzing the word as an atomic root form ὑπερήφ (huperḗph) (despite claiming that -η- (-ē-) is compositional) + a suffix -ανος (-anos), and leaves the origin open.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /hy.pe.rɛ̌ː.pʰa.nos/ → /y.peˈri.ɸa.nos/ → /i.peˈri.fa.nos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /hy.pe.rɛ̌ː.pʰa.nos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /(h)y.peˈre̝.pʰa.nos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /y.peˈri.ɸa.nos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /y.peˈri.fa.nos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /i.peˈri.fa.nos/

Adjective

ὑπερήφανος • (huperḗphanos) m or f (neuter ὑπερήφανον); second declension (Attic, Ionic, Koine)

1. arrogant, boastful, blustering, conceited, overweening, proud, vain, vainglorious
2. contemptuous, disdainful, haughty, scornful, supercilious
3. (rarely, in a good sense) magnificent, splendid

Declension

Second declension of ὑπερήφᾰνος; ὑπερήφᾰνον (Koine, Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ὑπερήφᾰνος huperḗphanos	ὑπερήφᾰνον huperḗphanon		ὑπερηφᾰ́νω huperēphánō	ὑπερηφᾰ́νω huperēphánō		ὑπερήφᾰνοι huperḗphanoi	ὑπερήφᾰνᾰ huperḗphana
Genitive		ὑπερηφᾰ́νου huperēphánou	ὑπερηφᾰ́νου huperēphánou		ὑπερηφᾰ́νοιν huperēphánoin	ὑπερηφᾰ́νοιν huperēphánoin		ὑπερηφᾰ́νων huperēphánōn	ὑπερηφᾰ́νων huperēphánōn
Dative		ὑπερηφᾰ́νῳ huperēphánōi	ὑπερηφᾰ́νῳ huperēphánōi		ὑπερηφᾰ́νοιν huperēphánoin	ὑπερηφᾰ́νοιν huperēphánoin		ὑπερηφᾰ́νοις huperēphánois	ὑπερηφᾰ́νοις huperēphánois
Accusative		ὑπερήφᾰνον huperḗphanon	ὑπερήφᾰνον huperḗphanon		ὑπερηφᾰ́νω huperēphánō	ὑπερηφᾰ́νω huperēphánō		ὑπερηφᾰ́νους huperēphánous	ὑπερήφᾰνᾰ huperḗphana
Vocative		ὑπερήφᾰνε huperḗphane	ὑπερήφᾰνον huperḗphanon		ὑπερηφᾰ́νω huperēphánō	ὑπερηφᾰ́νω huperēphánō		ὑπερήφᾰνοι huperḗphanoi	ὑπερήφᾰνᾰ huperḗphana
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		ὑπερηφᾰ́νως huperēphánōs			ὑπερηφᾰνώτερος huperēphanṓteros			ὑπερηφᾰνώτᾰτος huperēphanṓtatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Second declension of ὑπερᾱ́φᾰνος; ὑπερᾱ́φᾰνον (Aeolic, Doric)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ὑπερᾱ́φᾰνος huperā́phanos	ὑπερᾱ́φᾰνον huperā́phanon		ὑπερᾱφᾰ́νω huperāphánō	ὑπερᾱφᾰ́νω huperāphánō		ὑπερᾱ́φᾰνοι huperā́phanoi	ὑπερᾱ́φᾰνᾰ huperā́phana
Genitive		ὑπερᾱφάνοιο / ὑπερᾱφανῶ huperāphánoio / huperāphanô	ὑπερᾱφάνοιο / ὑπερᾱφανῶ huperāphánoio / huperāphanô		ὑπερᾱφᾰ́νοιν huperāphánoin	ὑπερᾱφᾰ́νοιν huperāphánoin		ὑπερᾱφανῶν huperāphanôn	ὑπερᾱφανῶν huperāphanôn
Dative		ὑπερᾱφᾰ́νῳ huperāphánōi	ὑπερᾱφᾰ́νῳ huperāphánōi		ὑπερᾱφᾰ́νοιν huperāphánoin	ὑπερᾱφᾰ́νοιν huperāphánoin		ὑπερᾱφᾰ́νοις huperāphánois	ὑπερᾱφᾰ́νοις huperāphánois
Accusative		ὑπερᾱ́φᾰνον huperā́phanon	ὑπερᾱ́φᾰνον huperā́phanon		ὑπερᾱφᾰ́νω huperāphánō	ὑπερᾱφᾰ́νω huperāphánō		ὑπερᾱφᾰ́νους huperāphánous	ὑπερᾱ́φᾰνᾰ huperā́phana
Vocative		ὑπερᾱ́φᾰνε huperā́phane	ὑπερᾱ́φᾰνον huperā́phanon		ὑπερᾱφᾰ́νω huperāphánō	ὑπερᾱφᾰ́νω huperāphánō		ὑπερᾱ́φᾰνοι huperā́phanoi	ὑπερᾱ́φᾰνᾰ huperā́phana
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		ὑπερᾱφᾰ́νως huperāphánōs			ὑπερᾱφᾰνώτερος huperāphanṓteros			ὑπερᾱφᾰνώτᾰτος huperāphanṓtatos
Notes:		Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Related terms

• ὑπερηφᾱνίᾰ (huperēphānía, “arrogance, boastfulness, pride, vainglory”)
• ὑπερφαίνομαι (huperphaínomai, “to show oneself over or above; to be superior”)

Descendants

• Greek: υπερήφανος (yperífanos, “arrogant, proud”), περήφανος (perífanos)

Further reading

• “ὑπερήφανος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ὑπερήφανος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ὑπερήφανος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• G5244 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • arrogant idem, page 41.
  • blustering idem, page 86.
  • boastful idem, page 87.
  • cold idem, page 142.
  • conceited idem, page 154.
  • contemptuous idem, page 167.
  • disdainful idem, page 232.
  • distant idem, page 240.
  • flaunting idem, page 326.
  • frigid idem, page 346.
  • haughty idem, page 388.
  • highest idem, page 400.
  • imperious idem, page 420.
  • inflated idem, page 438.
  • lofty idem, page 497.
  • ostentatious idem, page 580.
  • overbearing idem, page 585.
  • overweening idem, page 587.
  • patronising idem, page 599.
  • proud idem, page 653.
  • scornful idem, page 741.
  • supercilious idem, page 838.
  • swelling idem, page 848.
  • vain idem, page 942.
  • vainglorious idem, page 942.