土地退化

Chinese

		ground; soil; land ground; soil; land; territory	to degenerate; to atrophy; to deteriorate to degenerate; to atrophy; to deteriorate; to worsen; to decline; to fall; to drop
trad. (土地退化)		土地	退化
simp. #(土地退化)		土地	退化

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tǔdì tuìhuà

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨˇ ㄉㄧˋ ㄊㄨㄟˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tǔdì tuìhuà
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄨˇ ㄉㄧˋ ㄊㄨㄟˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tǔdì tuèihuà
    • Wade–Giles: tʻu³-ti⁴ tʻui⁴-hua⁴
    • Yale: tǔ-dì twèi-hwà
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tuudih tueyhuah
    • Palladius: туди туйхуа (tudi tujxua)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʰu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/

Noun

(deprecated template usage) 土地退化

1. (ecology) land degradation