惡化

See also: 恶化 and 悪化

Chinese

		evil; to hate; to loathe evil; to hate; to loathe; nauseated	to make into; to change into; ‑ization to make into; to change into; ‑ization; to ... ‑ize; to transform
trad. (惡化)		惡	化
simp. (恶化)		恶	化

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): èhuà

(Zhuyin): ㄜˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ok³ faa³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): ok-fa

(Hailu, HRS): og fa^ˇ
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): orh⁶ hua⁴
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): ok-hòa

(Teochew, Peng'im): ag⁴ huê³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: èhuà
  - Zhuyin: ㄜˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: èhuà
  - Wade–Giles: o⁴-hua⁴
  - Yale: è-hwà
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ehhuah
  - Palladius: эхуа (exua)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    惡化 / 恶化
    顎化 / 颚化
    齶化 / 腭化
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ok³ faa³
  - Yale: ok fa
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ok⁸ faa³
  - Guangdong Romanization: og³ fa³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɔːk̚³ faː³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ok-fa
  - Hakka Romanization System: og^ˋ fa
  - Hagfa Pinyim: og⁵ fa⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ok̚² fa⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: og fa^ˇ
  - Sinological IPA: /ok⁵⁻² fa¹¹/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: orh⁶ hua⁴ [Phonetic: orh⁷ hua⁴]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: o̤h-hua̍
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɒʔ²¹⁻⁴⁵ hua⁴²/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: orh⁶ hua⁴ [Phonetic: orh⁷ hua⁴]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɒʔ²⁻⁴ hua⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ok-hòa
  - Tâi-lô: ok-huà
  - Phofsit Daibuun: okhoax
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /ɔk̚³²⁻⁴ hua²¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /ɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ hua⁴¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɔk̚³²⁻⁵ hua²¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /ɔk̚³²⁻⁴ hua¹¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɔk̚³²⁻⁴ hua²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ag⁴ huê³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ak huè
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ak̚²⁻⁴ hue²¹³/

Verb

惡化

(intransitive) to worsen; to deteriorate; to take a turn for the worse
環境惡化／环境恶化 ― huánjìng èhuà ― environmental degradation

事態越來越惡化。 [MSC, trad.]
事态越来越恶化。 [MSC, simp.]
Shìtài yuèláiyuè èhuà. [Pinyin]
The situation is getting worse.
(transitive) to make worse; to exacerbate; to harm; to damage

Synonyms

(to worsen): 變差／变差 (biànchà), 逆轉／逆转 (nìzhuǎn)
(to make worse): 耽誤／耽误 (dānwu)

Antonyms

(antonym(s) of “to worsen”): 好轉／好转 (hǎozhuǎn)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
惡	化
あく > あっ Jinmeiyō	か Grade: 3
on'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 惡化 – see the following entry.

【悪化あっか】

[noun] aggravation, deterioration, degeneration, corruption

[verb] to worsen, to aggravate, to deteriorate

Alternative spelling
あっ化

(This term, 惡化, is the kyūjitai of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja in this term
惡	化

Noun

惡化 • (akhwa) (hangeul 악화)

hanja form^? of 악화 (“deterioration, degeneration, aggravation, exacerbation”)