畏まる
Appearance
Japanese
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 畏 |
| かしこ Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
Etymology
[edit]Derived from classical verb 畏む (kashikomu), itself apparently a back-formation from 畏み (kashikomi), from the kashiko stem of adjective 畏い (kashikoi, “dreadful, terrible, awesome”) + nominalizing suffix み (mi, indicating appearance or state).[1][2]
The meaning of the adjective evolved from dreadful to awesome to worthy of respect;[1] compare the shades in meaning in English awful and awesome. The meaning of the verb kashikomaru similarly shifted from to be impressed by something as dreadful to to be impressed by something as worthy of deep respect.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 畏まる
| Plain | 畏まる | かしこまる | [kàshíkómáꜜrù] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conjunctive | 畏まって | かしこまって | [kàshíkómáꜜttè] |
| Perfective | 畏まった | かしこまった | [kàshíkómáꜜttà] |
| Negative | 畏まらない | かしこまらない | [kàshíkómáráꜜnàì] |
| Negative perfective | 畏まらなかった | かしこまらなかった | [kàshíkómáráꜜnàkàttà] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 畏まれば | かしこまれば | [kàshíkómáꜜrèbà] |
| Past conditional | 畏まったら | かしこまったら | [kàshíkómáꜜttàrà] |
| Imperative | 畏まれ | かしこまれ | [kàshíkómáꜜrè] |
| Volitional | 畏まろう | かしこまろー | [kàshíkómáróꜜò] |
| Desiderative | 畏まりたい | かしこまりたい | [kàshíkómárítáꜜì] |
| Formal | 畏まります | かしこまります | [kàshíkómárímáꜜsù] |
| Formal negative | 畏まりません | かしこまりません | [kàshíkómárímáséꜜǹ] |
| Formal volitional | 畏まりましょう | かしこまりましょー | [kàshíkómárímáshóꜜò] |
| Formal perfective | 畏まりました | かしこまりました | [kàshíkómárímáꜜshìtà] |
| Continuative | 畏まり 畏まりに |
かしこまり かしこまりに |
[kàshíkómáꜜrì] [kàshíkómáꜜrì nì] |
| Negative continuative | 畏まらず 畏まらずに |
かしこまらず かしこまらずに |
[kàshíkómáráꜜzù] [kàshíkómáráꜜzù nì] |
| Passive | 畏まられる | かしこまられる | [kàshíkómáráréꜜrù] |
| Causative | 畏まらせる 畏まらす |
かしこまらせる かしこまらす |
[kàshíkómáráséꜜrù] [kàshíkómáráꜜsù] |
| Potential | 畏まれる | かしこまれる | [kàshíkómáréꜜrù] |
Verb
[edit]畏まる • (kashikomaru) intransitive godan (stem 畏まり (kashikomari), past 畏まった (kashikomatta))
- (humble) to understand, to acknowledge
- to obey respectfully, comply
- to sit upright
- to be stiff or formal, to stand on ceremony
Conjugation
[edit]| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 畏まら | かしこまら | kashikomara |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 畏まり | かしこまり | kashikomari |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 畏まる | かしこまる | kashikomaru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 畏まる | かしこまる | kashikomaru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 畏まれ | かしこまれ | kashikomare |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 畏まれ | かしこまれ | kashikomare |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 畏まられる | かしこまられる | kashikomarareru |
| Causative | 畏まらせる 畏まらす |
かしこまらせる かしこまらす |
kashikomaraseru kashikomarasu |
| Potential | 畏まれる | かしこまれる | kashikomareru |
| Volitional | 畏まろう | かしこまろう | kashikomarō |
| Negative | 畏まらない | かしこまらない | kashikomaranai |
| Negative continuative | 畏まらず | かしこまらず | kashikomarazu |
| Formal | 畏まります | かしこまります | kashikomarimasu |
| Perfective | 畏まった | かしこまった | kashikomatta |
| Conjunctive | 畏まって | かしこまって | kashikomatte |
| Hypothetical conditional | 畏まれば | かしこまれば | kashikomareba |
References
[edit]- “△畏まる”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Categories:
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