내다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 내다 (Yale: nayta). Formed as the causative of 나다 (nada, “to come forth, to occur”).
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈnɛ(ː)da̠] ~ [ˈne̞(ː)da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [내(ː)다/네(ː)다]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | naeda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | naeda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | naeda |
| Yale Romanization? | nāyta |
Verb
내다 • (naeda) (infinitive 내 or 내어, sequential 내니)
- to bring about, to pull forth
- to put out, put forth, put forward, produce, yield, issue, pay, offer, present, submit, emit
- 그들은 그에게 화 내게 될 것 같다.
- geudeureun geuege hwa naege doel geot gatda.
- They are likely to become angry with him.
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 내다 (naeda): vowel-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 낸다 naenda |
내 nae |
내요, 내어요 naeyo, naeeoyo |
냅니다 naemnida |
| Past | 냈다 naetda |
냈어 naesseo |
냈어요 naesseoyo |
냈습니다 naetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 내느냐 naeneunya |
내 nae |
내요, 내어요 naeyo, naeeoyo |
냅니까 naemnikka |
| Past | 냈느냐 naenneunya |
냈어 naesseo |
냈어요 naesseoyo |
냈습니까 naetseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 내자 naeja |
내 nae |
내요, 내어요 naeyo, naeeoyo |
내십시다 naesipsida | |
| Imperative | 내라, 내어라 naera, naeeora |
내 nae |
내요, 내어요 naeyo, naeeoyo |
냅시오 naepsio | |
| Assertive | 내겠다 naegetda |
내겠어 naegesseo |
내겠어요 naegesseoyo |
내겠습니다 naegetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 내 nae |
내서, 내어서 naeseo, naeeoseo |
내니 naeni |
내니까 naenikka | |
| Contrast | 내지만 naejiman |
내는데 naeneunde |
내더니 naedeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 내고 naego |
||||
| Condition | 내면 naemyeon |
내야, 내어야 naeya, naeeoya |
|||
| Motive | 내려고 naeryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 냄 naem |
내기 naegi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 냈음, 내었음 naesseum, naeeosseum |
냈기, 내었기 naetgi, naeeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 낸 naen | |||
| Present | 내는 naeneun | ||||
| Future | 낼 nael | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 내신다 naesinda |
내셔 naesyeo |
내세요, 내셔요 naeseyo, naesyeoyo |
내십니다 naesimnida |
| Past | 내셨다 naesyeotda |
내셨어 naesyeosseo |
내셨어요 naesyeosseoyo |
내셨습니다 naesyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 내시느냐 naesineunya |
내셔 naesyeo |
내세요, 내셔요 naeseyo, naesyeoyo |
내십니까 naesimnikka |
| Past | 내셨느냐 naesyeonneunya |
내셨어 naesyeosseo |
내셨어요 naesyeosseoyo |
내셨습니까 naesyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 내시라 naesira |
내셔 naesyeo |
내세요 naeseyo |
내십시오 naesipsio | |
| Assertive | 내시겠다 naesigetda |
내시겠어 naesigesseo |
내시겠어요 naesigesseoyo |
내시겠습니다 naesigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 내셔 naesyeo |
내셔서 naesyeoseo |
내시니 naesini |
내시니까 naesinikka | |
| Contrast | 내시지만 naesijiman |
내시는데 naesineunde |
내시더니 naesideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 내시고 naesigo |
||||
| Condition | 내시면 naesimyeon |
내셔야 naesyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 내시려고 naesiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 내심 naesim |
내시기 naesigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 내셨음 naesyeosseum |
내셨기 naesyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 내신 naesin | |||
| Present | 내시는 naesineun | ||||
| Future | 내실 naesil | ||||
References
- National Institute of the Korean Language (Naver.com mirror) (2007 June 6 (last accessed)) “내다”, in 표준국어대사전[1]