헛되다
Korean
Etymology
From 헛– (heot–, “useless, ineffective”) + 되— (doe-) + —다 (-da).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [hʌ̹t̚t͈we̞da̠] ~ [hʌ̹t̚t͈ø̞da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [헏뛔다/헏뙤다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | heotdoeda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | heosdoeda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | hŏttoeda |
| Yale Romanization? | hestoyta |
Adjective
헛되다 • (heotdoeda) (infinitive 헛돼 or 헛되어, sequential 헛되니)
- vain, fruitless
- (usually in the 헛된 form) groundless, untrue
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 헛되다 (heotdoeda): vowel-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 헛되다 heotdoeda |
헛돼 heotdwae |
헛돼요, 헛되어요 heotdwaeyo, heotdoeeoyo |
헛됩니다 heotdoemnida |
| Past | 헛됐다 heotdwaetda |
헛됐어 heotdwaesseo |
헛됐어요 heotdwaesseoyo |
헛됐습니다 heotdwaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 헛되냐 heotdoenya |
헛돼 heotdwae |
헛돼요, 헛되어요 heotdwaeyo, heotdoeeoyo |
헛됩니까 heotdoemnikka |
| Past | 헛됐냐 heotdwaennya |
헛됐어 heotdwaesseo |
헛됐어요 heotdwaesseoyo |
헛됐습니까 heotdwaetseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 헛되겠다 heotdoegetda |
헛되겠어 heotdoegesseo |
헛되겠어요 heotdoegesseoyo |
헛되겠습니다 heotdoegetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 헛돼 heotdwae |
헛돼서, 헛되어서 heotdwaeseo, heotdoeeoseo |
헛되니 heotdoeni |
헛되니까 heotdoenikka | |
| Contrast | 헛되지만 heotdoejiman |
헛된데 heotdoende |
헛되더니 heotdoedeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 헛되고 heotdoego |
||||
| Condition | 헛되면 heotdoemyeon |
헛돼야, 헛되어야 heotdwaeya, heotdoeeoya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 헛됨 heotdoem |
헛되기 heotdoegi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 헛됐음, 헛되었음 heotdwaesseum, heotdoeeosseum |
헛됐기, 헛되었기 heotdwaetgi, heotdoeeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 헛된 heotdoen | |||
| Future | 헛될 heotdoel | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 헛되시다 heotdoesida |
헛되셔 heotdoesyeo |
헛되세요, 헛되셔요 heotdoeseyo, heotdoesyeoyo |
헛되십니다 heotdoesimnida |
| Past | 헛되셨다 heotdoesyeotda |
헛되셨어 heotdoesyeosseo |
헛되셨어요 heotdoesyeosseoyo |
헛되셨습니다 heotdoesyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 헛되시냐 heotdoesinya |
헛되셔 heotdoesyeo |
헛되세요, 헛되셔요 heotdoeseyo, heotdoesyeoyo |
헛되십니까 heotdoesimnikka |
| Past | 헛되셨냐 heotdoesyeonnya |
헛되셨어 heotdoesyeosseo |
헛되셨어요 heotdoesyeosseoyo |
헛되셨습니까 heotdoesyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 헛되시겠다 heotdoesigetda |
헛되시겠어 heotdoesigesseo |
헛되시겠어요 heotdoesigesseoyo |
헛되시겠습니다 heotdoesigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 헛되셔 heotdoesyeo |
헛되셔서 heotdoesyeoseo |
헛되시니 heotdoesini |
헛되시니까 heotdoesinikka | |
| Contrast | 헛되시지만 heotdoesijiman |
헛되신데 heotdoesinde |
헛되시더니 heotdoesideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 헛되시고 heotdoesigo |
||||
| Condition | 헛되시면 heotdoesimyeon |
헛되셔야 heotdoesyeoya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 헛되심 heotdoesim |
헛되시기 heotdoesigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 헛되셨음 heotdoesyeosseum |
헛되셨기 heotdoesyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 헛되신 heotdoesin | |||
| Future | 헛되실 heotdoesil | ||||