𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐌰𐌽

Gothic

FWOTD – 12 August 2020

Etymology

From 𐌰𐍆- (af-) +‎ *𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐌰𐌽 (*ƕapnan), fientive variant in -𐌽𐌰𐌽 (-nan) of *𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*ƕapjan, from *hwapjaną).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /afˈʍap.nan/

Verb

𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐌰𐌽 • (afƕapnan)

1. to be choked
   • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Mark 5:13b:

     𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌿𐍃𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌰𐌷𐌼𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌸𐌰𐌹 𐌿𐌽𐌷𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌹𐌸𐌿𐌽 𐌹̈𐌽 𐌸𐍉 𐍃𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌽 𐍃𐍉 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌳𐌰 𐌰𐌽𐌳 𐌳𐍂𐌹𐌿𐍃𐍉𐌽 𐌹̈𐌽 𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌽; 𐍅𐌴𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌿𐌸-𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐍃𐍅𐌴 𐍄𐍅𐍉𐍃 𐌸𐌿𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌾𐍉𐍃, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 𐌹̈𐌽 𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌽.

     jah usgaggandans ahmans þai unhrainjans galiþun ïn þō sweina, jah rann sō hairda and driusōn ïn marein; wēsunuþ-þan swē twōs þusundjōs, jah afƕapnōdēdun ïn marein.

     And the unclean spirits went out, and entered into the swine: and the herd ran violently down a steep place into the sea, (they were about two thousand;) and were choked in the sea.

   • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Luke 8:14:

     𐌹̈𐌸 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌰 𐌹̈𐌽 𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌿𐌽𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌳𐍂𐌹𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍉 𐌸𐌰𐌹 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌳 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌴𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌰𐍆 𐍃𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍉𐌼 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌽 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌾𐍉𐌸𐌿𐌼 𐌸𐌹𐌶𐍉𐍃 𐌻𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌽𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌵𐌰𐌽𐌳.

     ïþ þata ïn þaurnuns gadriusandō þai sind þaiei gahausjandans jah af saurgōm jah gabein jah gabaurjōþum þizōs libainais gaggandans afƕapnand jah ni gawrisqand.

     And that which fell among thorns are they, which, when they have heard, go forth, and are choked with cares and riches and pleasures of this life, and bring no fruit to perfection.

   • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Luke 8:33:

     𐌿𐍃𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐍃 𐌸𐌰𐌹 𐌿𐌽𐌷𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌰𐍆 𐌸𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌽 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌹𐌸𐌿𐌽 𐌹̈𐌽 𐌸𐍉 𐍃𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌽 𐍃𐌰 𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌸𐌿𐍃 𐌰𐌽𐌳 𐌳𐍂𐌹𐌿𐍃𐍉𐌽 𐌹̈𐌽 𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍅 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽.

     usgaggandans þan suns þai unhulþans af þamma mann galiþun ïn þō sweina, jah rann sa wriþus and driusōn ïn þana marisaiw jah afƕapnōdēdun.

     Then went the devils out of the man, and entered into the swine: and the herd ran violently down a steep place into the lake, and were choked.

2. to be quenched (of a fire)
   • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Mark 9:44, 46, and 48:

     𐌸𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹 𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌰 𐌹̈𐌶𐌴 𐌽𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌻𐍄𐌹𐌸 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍆𐍉𐌽 𐌽𐌹 𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐌹𐌸.

     þarei maþa ïzē ni gaswiltiþ jah fōn ni afƕapniþ.

     Where their worm dieth not, and the fire is not quenched.

Conjugation

Class 4 weak
Infinitive	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐌰𐌽 afƕapnan
Indicative	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐌰 afƕapna	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌰 afƕapnōda	—
2nd singular	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐌹𐍃 afƕapnis	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐍃 afƕapnōdēs	—
3rd singular	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐌹𐌸 afƕapniþ	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌰 afƕapnōda	—
1st dual	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐍉𐍃 afƕapnōs	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿 afƕapnōdēdu	—
2nd dual	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐌰𐍄𐍃 afƕapnats	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍄𐍃 afƕapnōdēduts	—
1st plural	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐌰𐌼 afƕapnam	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼 afƕapnōdēdum	—
2nd plural	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐌹𐌸 afƕapniþ	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸 afƕapnōdēduþ	—
3rd plural	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳 afƕapnand	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 afƕapnōdēdun	—
Subjunctive	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐌰𐌿 afƕapnau	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿 afƕapnōdēdjau	—
2nd singular	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍃 afƕapnais	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 afƕapnōdēdeis	—
3rd singular	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐌰𐌹 afƕapnai	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌹 afƕapnōdēdi	—
1st dual	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 afƕapnaiwa	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 afƕapnōdēdeiwa	—
2nd dual	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 afƕapnaits	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 afƕapnōdēdeits	—
1st plural	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 afƕapnaima	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 afƕapnōdēdeima	—
2nd plural	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌸 afƕapnaiþ	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸 afƕapnōdēdeiþ	—
3rd plural	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 afƕapnaina	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 afƕapnōdēdeina	—
Imperative
2nd singular	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽 afƕapn
3rd singular	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 afƕapnadau
2nd dual	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐌰𐍄𐍃 afƕapnats
2nd plural	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐌹𐌸 afƕapniþ
3rd plural	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 afƕapnandau
	Present	Past
Participles	𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 afƕapnands	—

Related terms

• 𐌰𐍆𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌾𐌰𐌽 (afƕapjan)
• 𐌿𐌽𐍈𐌰𐍀𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (unƕapnands)