𐌱𐌰𐌲𐌼𐍃

Gothic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *bagmaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbaɡms/, [ˈbaɣms]

Noun

𐌱𐌰𐌲𐌼𐍃 • (bagms) m

2. tree (large woody plant)
   • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Matthew 7:19:

     𐌰𐌻𐌻 𐌱𐌰𐌲𐌼𐌴 𐌽𐌹 𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌰𐌺𐍂𐌰𐌽 𐌲𐍉𐌳 𐌿𐍃𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌳𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌹𐌽 𐍆𐍉𐌽 𐌰𐍄𐌻𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰.

     all bagmē ni taujandans akran gōd usmaitada jah in fōn atlagjada.

     Every tree that bringeth not forth good fruit is hewn down, and cast into the fire. (KJV)

   • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Luke 6:43:

     𐌽𐌹 𐌰𐌿𐌺 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌱𐌰𐌲𐌼𐍃 𐌲𐍉𐌳𐍃 𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌰𐌺𐍂𐌰𐌽 𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌻, 𐌽𐌹𐌷 𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐌱𐌰𐌲𐌼𐍃 𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌻𐍃 𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌰𐌺𐍂𐌰𐌽 𐌲𐍉𐌳.

     ni auk ist bagms gōds taujands akran ubil, nih þan bagms ubils taujands akran gōd.

     For a good tree bringeth not forth corrupt fruit; neither doth a corrupt tree bring forth good fruit. (KJV)

Declension

Masculine a-stem
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	𐌱𐌰𐌲𐌼𐍃 bagms	𐌱𐌰𐌲𐌼𐍉𐍃 bagmōs
Vocative	𐌱𐌰𐌲𐌼 bagm	𐌱𐌰𐌲𐌼𐍉𐍃 bagmōs
Accusative	𐌱𐌰𐌲𐌼 bagm	𐌱𐌰𐌲𐌼𐌰𐌽𐍃 bagmans
Genitive	𐌱𐌰𐌲𐌼𐌹𐍃 bagmis	𐌱𐌰𐌲𐌼𐌴 bagmē
Dative	𐌱𐌰𐌲𐌼𐌰 bagma	𐌱𐌰𐌲𐌼𐌰𐌼 bagmam

Hyponyms

• 𐌰𐌻𐌴𐍅𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌲𐌼𐍃 (alēwabagms, “olive tree”)
• 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌲𐌼𐍃 (bairabagms, “sycamine”)
• 𐍀𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌲𐌼𐍃 (peikabagms, “palm tree”)
• 𐍃𐌼𐌰𐌺𐌺𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌲𐌼𐍃 (smakkabagms, “fig tree, sycomore”)

Meronyms

• 𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍃 (asts, “branch”)
• 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆𐍃 (laufs, “leaf, foliage”)
• 𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍄𐍃 (waurts, “root”)

Coordinate terms

• 𐌰𐌹𐍈𐌰𐍄𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌹 (aiƕatundi, “bramble”)
• 𐌲𐍂𐌰𐍃 (gras, “blade, herb”)
• 𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌿𐍃 (þaurnus, “thorn”)
• 𐌽𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌿𐍃 (nardus, “nard”)
• 𐍂𐌰𐌿𐍃 (raus, “cane”)
• 𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌿 (weinatriu, “vine”)
• 𐍅𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌼 (wigadeinōm, “thistle”)

See also

• 𐌰𐌺𐍂𐌰𐌽 (akran, “fruit”)
• 𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (maitan, “to cut”)
• 𐌿𐍃𐌺𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌽 (uskeinan, “to sprout up, germinate”)
• 𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌿 (triu, “piece of wood”)

Further reading

• Lehmann, Winfred P. (1986) “B5. bagms”, in A Gothic Etymological Dictionary, based on the 3rd ed. of Feist’s dictionary, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 55
• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 15