๐ป๐ฐ๐น๐ ๐ฐ
Gothic
[edit]
Etymology
[edit]Ultimately from Latin leล. Saskia Pronk-Tiethoff reconstructed the term in 2013 as *liwa before being aware of its attestation (which was discovered as a genitive plural laiwanฤ in the Gothica Bononiensia, first published around that very time), attributing the Slavic forms to a Gothic intermediary based on a hypothetical i-vocalism as she thought would be expected from a Gothic term derived from leล. The form laiwa is not an entirely certain reading due to the poor legibility of the manuscript; the correct reading may still be liwa, but Falluomini (2017) favours the form with -ai-.
Some Gothic given names attested in Latinized form may also contain this term. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term. this does not look like the regular outcome expected from a direct borrowing of leล
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]๐ป๐ฐ๐น๐ ๐ฐ โข (laiwa) m
- (hapax) lion (animal)
- 6th century, anonymous author, folio 1 verso (after Falluomini 2017) of the Gothica Bononiensia sermon (referring here to Daniel 6:22, 27):
- ... ๐ธ๐ฟ๐ด๐น ๐ณ๐ฐ๐ฝ๐น๐ด๐ป ๐ฟ๐ ๐ฑ[๐ฐ]๐ป๐พ๐๐ฝ๐ณ๐ฐ๐ฝ๐ด ๐ป๐ฐ๐น๐ ๐ฐ๐ฝ๐ด ๐ผ๐ฟ๐ฝ๐ธ๐ฐ๐ผ ๐ผ๐ฐ๐ฝ๐ ๐พ๐ฐ๐ฝ๐ด ๐ณ๐ฟ ๐๐๐ฐ๐๐ป๐น๐ฝ๐ณ๐ฐ๐ฝ ๐ฒ๐ฐ๐ฝ๐ฐ๐๐น๐ณ๐ด๐.
- ... รพuei daniฤl us b[a]ljลndanฤ laiwanฤ munรพam manwjanฤ du fraslindan ganasidฤs.
- You who saved Daniel from the mouths of roaring lions ready to devour [him]
- 6th century, anonymous author, folio 1 verso (after Falluomini 2017) of the Gothica Bononiensia sermon (referring here to Daniel 6:22, 27):
Declension
[edit]May theoretically have been either masculine or neuter, but as Latin leล and Koine Greek ฮปฮญฯฮฝ (lรฉลn) are both masculine, the Gothic term is probably masculine as well.
| Masculine an-stem | ||
|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | ๐ป๐ฐ๐น๐
๐ฐ laiwa |
๐ป๐ฐ๐น๐
๐ฐ๐ฝ๐ laiwans |
| Vocative | ๐ป๐ฐ๐น๐
๐ฐ laiwa |
๐ป๐ฐ๐น๐
๐ฐ๐ฝ๐ laiwans |
| Accusative | ๐ป๐ฐ๐น๐
๐ฐ๐ฝ laiwan |
๐ป๐ฐ๐น๐
๐ฐ๐ฝ๐ laiwans |
| Genitive | ๐ป๐ฐ๐น๐
๐น๐ฝ๐ laiwins |
๐ป๐ฐ๐น๐
๐ฐ๐ฝ๐ด laiwanฤ |
| Dative | ๐ป๐ฐ๐น๐
๐น๐ฝ laiwin |
๐ป๐ฐ๐น๐
๐ฐ๐ผ laiwam |
Hypernyms
[edit]- ๐ณ๐น๐ฟ๐ (dius, โwild animalโ)
Coordinate terms
[edit]- ๐๐ฐ๐ฟ๐ท๐ (fauhล, โfoxโ)
- ๐ ๐ฟ๐ป๐๐ (wulfs, โwolfโ)
Descendants
[edit]- โ Proto-Slavic: *lัvั (see there for further descendants)
See also
[edit]- ๐ฑ๐ฐ๐ป๐พ๐๐ฝ (baljลn, โto roarโ)
References
[edit]- Carla Falluomini, "Zum gotischen Fragment aus Bologna II: Berichtigungen und neue Lesungen", Zeitschrift fรผr deutsches Altertum und Literatur 146.3 (2017) pp. 284-294.
- Pronk-Tiethoff, Saskia E. (2013) The Germanic loanwords in Proto-Slavic[1], Amsterdam - New York: Rodopi, โISBN