π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒ½

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Gothic

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Germanic *witanΔ…, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *weyd- (β€œsee”).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒ½ β€’ (witan)

  1. to know
    • Gothic Bible, Corinthians I 13.2:
      𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌾𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿 π€π‚πŒ°πŒΏπ†πŒ΄π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πƒ 𐌾𐌰𐌷 π…πŒΉπ„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌢𐌴 π‚πŒΏπŒ½π‰πƒ 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌰𐌻𐌻 𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌽, πƒπ…πŒ°πƒπ…πŒ΄ π†πŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ²πŒΏπŒ½πŒΎπŒ° πŒΌπŒΉπŒΈπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ, 𐌹𐌸 π†π‚πŒΉπŒ°πŒΈπ…πŒ° 𐌽𐌹 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿, 𐌽𐌹 π…πŒ°πŒΉπŒ·π„πƒ 𐌹𐌼.
      jah jabai habau praufΔ“tjans jah witjau allaizΔ“ runōs jah all kunΓΎi jah habau alla galaubein, swaswΔ“ fairgunja miΓΎsatjau, iΓΎ friaΓΎwa ni habau, ni waihts im.
      And though I have the gift of prophecy, and understand all mysteries, and all knowledge; and though I have all faith, so that I could remove mountains, and have not charity, I am nothing. (KJV)
Conjugation
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Variant forms π…πŒΉπƒπƒπŒ΄πŒΉπƒ (wisseis) and π…πŒΉπ„πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ³ (witeid) are attested.

Preterite-present
Infinitive π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒ½
witan
Indicative Present Past Present passive
1st singular π…πŒ°πŒΉπ„
wait 		π…πŒΉπƒπƒπŒ°
wissa 		—
2nd singular π…πŒ°πŒΉπƒπ„
waist 		π…πŒΉπƒπƒπŒ΄πƒ
wissΔ“s 		—
3rd singular π…πŒ°πŒΉπ„
wait 		π…πŒΉπƒπƒπŒ°
wissa 		—
1st dual π…πŒΉπ„πŒΏ
witu 		π…πŒΉπƒπƒπŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏ
wissΔ“du 		—
2nd dual π…πŒΉπ„πŒΏπ„πƒ
wituts 		π…πŒΉπƒπƒπŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπ„πƒ
wissΔ“duts 		—
1st plural π…πŒΉπ„πŒΏπŒΌ
witum 		π…πŒΉπƒπƒπŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΌ
wissΔ“dum 		—
2nd plural π…πŒΉπ„πŒΏπŒΈ
wituΓΎ 		π…πŒΉπƒπƒπŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΈ
wissΔ“duΓΎ 		—
3rd plural π…πŒΉπ„πŒΏπŒ½
witun 		π…πŒΉπƒπƒπŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒ½
wissΔ“dun 		—
Subjunctive Present Past Present passive
1st singular π…πŒΉπ„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
witjau 		π…πŒΉπƒπƒπŒ΄πŒ³πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
wissΔ“djau 		—
2nd singular π…πŒΉπ„πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
witeis 		π…πŒΉπƒπƒπŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
wissΔ“deis 		—
3rd singular π…πŒΉπ„πŒΉ
witi 		π…πŒΉπƒπƒπŒ΄πŒ³πŒΉ
wissΔ“di 		—
1st dual π…πŒΉπ„πŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°
witeiwa 		π…πŒΉπƒπƒπŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°
wissΔ“deiwa 		—
2nd dual π…πŒΉπ„πŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ
witeits 		π…πŒΉπƒπƒπŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ
wissΔ“deits 		—
1st plural π…πŒΉπ„πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
witeima 		π…πŒΉπƒπƒπŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
wissΔ“deima 		—
2nd plural π…πŒΉπ„πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
witeiΓΎ 		π…πŒΉπƒπƒπŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
wissΔ“deiΓΎ 		—
3rd plural π…πŒΉπ„πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
witeina 		π…πŒΉπƒπƒπŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
wissΔ“deina 		—
Imperative
2nd singular —
3rd singular —
2nd dual —
2nd plural —
3rd plural —
Present Past
Participles π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ
witands 		π…πŒΉπƒπƒ
wiss
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From Proto-Germanic *witānΔ…. Equivalent to *π…πŒΉπ„ (*wit) +‎ -𐌰𐌽 (-ān).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒ½ β€’ (witān)

  1. to observe
Conjugation
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Class 3 weak
Infinitive π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒ½
witān
Indicative Present Past Present passive
1st singular π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°
wita 		π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°
witaida 		π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
witāda
2nd singular π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπƒ
witais 		π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πƒ
witaidΔ“s 		π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΆπŒ°
witāza
3rd singular π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
witaiΓΎ 		π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°
witaida 		π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
witāda
1st dual π…πŒΉπ„π‰πƒ
witōs 		π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏ
witaidΔ“du 		—
2nd dual π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°π„πƒ
witāts 		π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπ„πƒ
witaidΔ“duts 		—
1st plural π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΌ
witām 		π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΌ
witaidΔ“dum 		π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
witānda
2nd plural π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
witaiΓΎ 		π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΈ
witaidΔ“duΓΎ 		π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
witānda
3rd plural π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³
witānd 		π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒ½
witaidΔ“dun 		π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
witānda
Subjunctive Present Past Present passive
1st singular π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΏ
witau 		π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
witaidΔ“djau 		π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
witaidau
2nd singular π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπƒ
witais 		π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
witaidΔ“deis 		π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ°πŒΏ
witaizau
3rd singular π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉ
witai 		π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΉ
witaidΔ“di 		π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
witaidau
1st dual π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ°
witaiwa 		π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°
witaidΔ“deiwa 		—
2nd dual π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπ„πƒ
witaits 		π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ
witaidΔ“deits 		—
1st plural π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
witaima 		π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
witaidΔ“deima 		π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
witaindau
2nd plural π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
witaiΓΎ 		π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
witaidΔ“deiΓΎ 		π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
witaindau
3rd plural π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
witaina 		π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
witaidΔ“deina 		π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
witaindau
Imperative
2nd singular π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉ
witai
3rd singular π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
witādau
2nd dual π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°π„πƒ
witāts
2nd plural π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
witaiΓΎ
3rd plural π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
witāndau
Present Past
Participles π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ
witānds 		π…πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΉπŒΈπƒ
witaiΓΎs
Derived terms
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Further reading

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  • Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches WΓΆrterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s UniversitΓ€tsbuchhandlung, p. 177
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