-ś

See also: ś, ś-, and Appendix:Variations of "s"

Old Polish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *ḱe

Proto-Indo-European *ís

Proto-Indo-European *ḱís

Proto-Balto-Slavic *śís

Proto-Slavic *sьder.

Old Polish -ś

Derived from Proto-Slavic *sь.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /ɕ/
IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ɕ/

Suffix

-ś

attached to pronouns with an indefinite meaning; some-

Derived terms

Old Polish terms suffixed with -ś

coś

ktoś

kuś

Descendants

Polish: -ś
Silesian: -ś

Polish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɕ/
Audio 1: (file)
Audio 2: (file)
Rhymes: -ɕ
Syllabification: -ś

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *ḱe

Proto-Indo-European *ís

Proto-Indo-European *ḱís

Proto-Balto-Slavic *śís

Proto-Slavic *sьder.

Old Polish -ś

Polish -ś

Inherited from Old Polish -ś. Cognate with Kashubian -s, Slovincian -sz.

Particle

-ś

appended to relative/interrogative pronouns to form indefinite pronouns; some-

Derived terms

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Suffix

-ś (feminine -sia)

forms diminutives, particularly of names
Alternative form: -iś

‎Jan + ‎-ś → ‎Jaś

‎Krzysztof + ‎-ś → ‎Krzyś

‎Adam + ‎-ś → ‎Adaś

Etymology 3

Derived from Old Polish jeś, from Proto-Slavic *esi.

Suffix

-ś

second-person singular verb suffix

Usage notes

In colloquial usage, this suffix may be detached from the verb (leaving the verb in a third-person form), and instead attached to an adverbial, predicative or other word. The verb may be even omitted altogether; in that case, it is implied to be być (“to be”).

Silesian

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *ḱe

Proto-Indo-European *ís

Proto-Indo-European *ḱís

Proto-Balto-Slavic *śís

Proto-Slavic *sьder.

Old Polish -ś

Silesian -ś

Inherited from Old Polish -ś.

Suffix

-ś

attached to pronouns with an indefinite meaning; some-

Derived terms

Silesian terms suffixed with -ś