-ας
Ancient Greek
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /aːs/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /as/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /as/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /as/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /as/
Suffix
-ᾱς • (-ās)
- The nominative singular ending of masculine first-declension nouns in most dialects. Replaced by -ης (-ēs) in all cases in Ionic, and in most cases in Attic.
- The genitive singular ending of feminine first-declension nouns and adjectives in many dialects. Replaced by -ης (-ēs) in all cases in Ionic, and in most cases in Attic.
- The accusative plural ending of all first-declension nouns and adjectives in many dialects. -ᾰς (-as) or -ᾰνς (-ans), -αις (-ais), and -αιρ (-air) are used by dialects attested from inscriptions.
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /as/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /as/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /as/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /as/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /as/
Suffix
-ᾰς • (-as)
- The accusative plural ending of most third-declension nouns and many third-declension adjectives. -ᾰνς (-ans) is also used in the Cretan dialect.
- The accusative plural ending of first-declension nouns and adjectives in various dialects attested in inscriptions: see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension § First declension.
Etymology 3
Metanalysis of *-sants, a combination of the typical suffix of the first aorist active stem *-sa and *-nts (from Proto-Indo-European *-onts). Several other participial formations also descend from a form in *-nts: the present active -ων (-ōn), the second aorist active in -ών (-ṓn), the contracted present active and contracted future active in -ῶν (-ôn), the aorist passive in -είς (-eís), and several present active and aorist active athematic forms like ἱστᾱ́ς (histā́s) and στᾱ́ς (stā́s).
Suffix
-ᾱς • (-ās)
- first aorist active participle ending
Inflection
Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | -ᾱς -ās |
-ᾱσᾰ -āsa |
-ᾰν -an |
-ᾰντε -ante |
-ᾱ́σᾱ -ā́sā |
-ᾰντε -ante |
-ᾰντες -antes |
-ᾱσαι -āsai |
-ᾰντᾰ -anta | |||||
Genitive | -ᾰντος -antos |
-ᾱ́σης -ā́sēs |
-ᾰντος -antos |
-ᾰ́ντοιν -ántoin |
-ᾱ́σαιν -ā́sain |
-ᾰ́ντοιν -ántoin |
-ᾰ́ντων -ántōn |
-ᾱσῶν -āsôn |
-ᾰ́ντων -ántōn | |||||
Dative | -ᾰντῐ -anti |
-ᾱ́σῃ -ā́sēi |
-ᾰντῐ -anti |
-ᾰ́ντοιν -ántoin |
-ᾱ́σαιν -ā́sain |
-ᾰ́ντοιν -ántoin |
-ᾱσῐ / -ᾱσῐν -āsi(n) |
-ᾱ́σαις -ā́sais |
-ᾱσῐ / -ᾱσῐν -āsi(n) | |||||
Accusative | -ᾰντᾰ -anta |
-ᾱσᾰν -āsan |
-ᾰν -an |
-ᾰντε -ante |
-ᾱ́σᾱ -ā́sā |
-ᾰντε -ante |
-ᾰντᾰς -antas |
-ᾱ́σᾱς -ā́sās |
-ᾰντᾰ -anta | |||||
Vocative | -ᾱς -ās |
-ᾱσᾰ -āsa |
-ᾰν -an |
-ᾰντε -ante |
-ᾱ́σᾱ -ā́sā |
-ᾰντε -ante |
-ᾰντες -antes |
-ᾱσαι -āsai |
-ᾰντᾰ -anta | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
-ᾰ́ντως -ántōs |
— | — | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
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