-άς

See also: ας, ασ', ἅς, -ας, and Appendix:Variations of "as"

Ancient Greek

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ás/ → /as/ → /as/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ás/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /as/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /as/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /as/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /as/

Etymology 1

Related to -άζω (-ázō, verb-forming suffix) and possibly -ων (-ōn). Cognate with Sanskrit -अत् (-at) and Hittite -𒀭𒍝.

Suffix

-ᾰ́ς • (-ắs) f (genitive -ᾰ́δος); third declension

1. Forms nouns with participial function.

   ‎λᾰ́μπω (lắmpō, “shine”) + ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎λαμπάς (lampás, “torch”)

   ‎φεύγω (pheúgō, “to flee”) + ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎φυγάς (phugás, “an exile”)

2. Forms nouns with collective function.

   ‎νείφω (neíphō, “to snow”) + ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎νιφάς (niphás, “snowstorm”)

3. Forms designations of young animals.

   κεμάς (kemás, “pricket”)

4. Forms derivatives of nasal stems extended with -t-.

   ‎ἰκμαίνω (ikmaínō, “to moisten”) + ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎ἰκμάς (ikmás, “moisture”)

   ‎ἐμβαίνω (embaínō, “to enter”) + ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎ἐμβάς (embás, “slipper”)

5. Forms abstract or collective nouns of number from numerals.

   ‎δέκᾰ (dékă, “ten”) + ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎δεκάς (dekás, “the number ten, group of ten”)

Usage notes

If a verb-stem varies in grade, the resulting noun is usually in the o-grade (or, failing that, the zero-grade), e.g. στρέφω (stréphō) → στροφάς (strophás); νείφω (neíphō) → νιφάς (niphás). The resulting substantive usually has nominal force, but sometimes has adjectival force.

Inflection

Third declension of -ᾰ́ς; -ᾰ́δος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	-ᾰ́ς -ắs	-ᾰ́δε -ắde	-ᾰ́δες -ắdes
Genitive	-ᾰ́δος -ắdos	-ᾰ́δοιν -ắdoin	-ᾰ́δων -ắdōn
Dative	-ᾰ́δῐ -ắdĭ	-ᾰ́δοιν -ắdoin	-ᾰ́σῐ / -ᾰ́σῐν -ắsĭ(n)
Accusative	-ᾰ́δᾰ -ắdă	-ᾰ́δε -ắde	-ᾰ́δᾰς -ắdăs
Vocative	-ᾰ́ς -ắs	-ᾰ́δε -ắde	-ᾰ́δες -ắdes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-ds.

References

• Smyth, Herbert Weir (1920) “Part II: Inflection”, in A Greek grammar for colleges, Cambridge: American Book Company, § 354
• Birgit A. Olsen (1989) “A Trace of Indo-European Accent in Armenian”, in Historische Sprachforschung / Historical Linguistics‎^[1], pages 235-240

Etymology 2

Possibly related to -ις (-is), also to Etymology 1. The form -ιάς (-iás) comes from analogy to forms like Θεστιάς (Thestiás) from Θέστιος (Théstios).

Alternative forms

• -ιάς (-iás)

Suffix

-ᾰ́ς • (-ắs) f (genitive -ᾰ́δος); third declension

1. Forms feminine adjectives or nouns.

   Δηλιάς (Dēliás, “female Delian”)

2. Forms female patronymics from name of father.

   Θεστιάς (Thestiás, “daughter of Thestius”)

Inflection

Third declension of -ᾰ́ς; -ᾰ́δος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	-ᾰ́ς -ắs	-ᾰ́δε -ắde	-ᾰ́δες -ắdes
Genitive	-ᾰ́δος -ắdos	-ᾰ́δοιν -ắdoin	-ᾰ́δων -ắdōn
Dative	-ᾰ́δῐ -ắdĭ	-ᾰ́δοιν -ắdoin	-ᾰ́σῐ / -ᾰ́σῐν -ắsĭ(n)
Accusative	-ᾰ́δᾰ -ắdă	-ᾰ́δε -ắde	-ᾰ́δᾰς -ắdăs
Vocative	-ᾰ́ς -ắs	-ᾰ́δε -ắde	-ᾰ́δες -ắdes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-ds.

Derived terms

Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -άς

ἁμαρτάς

ἀποτομάς

ἀσκληπιάς

Ἀχαιιάς

βουνιάς

γενειάς

δεκάς

Δημητριάς

διψάς

δρομάς

Δρυάς

δυάς

ἑβδομάς

ἑκκαιδεκάς

ἑξηκοντάς

Ἐχινάδες

Ἐχινάς

Θεστιάς

Ἰάς

Ἰλιάς

ἱπποφοβάς

ἰσχιάς

κατοικάς

κατουλάς

κολυμβάς

Κυκλάς

λαμπάς

λεπάς

Λευκάς

λιβάς

λογάς

λοπάς

μελαινάς

μονάς

μυριάς

νεκάς

νιφάς

ὀγδοάς

οἰνάς

Ὀλυμπιάς

ὁμάς

Ὀρειάς

παραφυάς

πεμπτάς

πεντάς

Πηλιάς

πληγάς

πλιχάς

ῥαγάς

ῥοιάς

σεραπιάς

Σηπιάς

σκιάς

σποράς

στοιχάς

στοχάς

τετράς

Τιβεριάς

τριάς

τριβάς

τριχάς

Τρωάς

Ὑάς

φυγάς

χιλιάς

Related terms

• -άδης (-ádēs)

See also

• -ις (-is)

References

• Smyth, Herbert Weir (1920) “Part III: Formation of Words”, in A Greek grammar for colleges, Cambridge: American Book Company, § 845

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek -άς (-ás).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈas/

Suffix

-άς • (-ás) m (feminine -ού)

1. added to another noun to create agent nouns:

   ‎μύλος (mýlos, “mill”) + ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎μυλωνάς (mylonás, “miller”)

   ‎γάλα (gála, “milk”) + ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎γαλατάς (galatás, “milkman, dairyman”)

   ‎γυναίκα (gynaíka, “woman”) + ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎γυναικάς (gynaikás, “womaniser”)

   ‎φαγητό (fagitó, “food”) + ‎-άς (-ás) → ‎φαγάς (fagás, “gourmand, greedy guts”)

Declension

Declension of -άς

	singular	plural
nominative	-άς (-ás)	-άδες (-ádes)
genitive	-ά (-á)	-άδων (-ádon)
accusative	-ά (-á)	-άδες (-ádes)
vocative	-ά (-á)	-άδες (-ádes)

Derived terms

Greek terms suffixed with -άς

γαλατάς

κερατάς

κλειδαράς

κωλοπαιδαράς

ντελιβεράς

Πειραιάς

πουσταράς

σκατάς

τσογλαναράς

χεζάς

χιονιάς

χοντρομπαλάς

Related terms

• -έας m (-éas)
• -ιάς m (-iás)