-len

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Hungarian

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Etymology

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Probably a compound suffix from el (past, over) +‎ -en (adverb-forming suffix) meaning past a certain time, space or number.[1]

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-len

  1. (adverb-forming suffix, rare, archaic) Usually added to words ending in the terminative case suffix -ig (until, till, up to) and it means the inclusion of the mentioned boundary (not just up to the boundary).
    pedig + ‎-len → ‎pediglen
    eddig + ‎-len → ‎eddiglen

Usage notes

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  • (adverb-forming suffix) Variants:
    -lan is added to back-vowel words
    -len is added to front-vowel words

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ -lan in Czuczor, Gergely and János Fogarasi: A magyar nyelv szótára (“A Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”). Pest: Emich Gusztáv Magyar Akadémiai Nyomdász, 1862–1874.

Middle English

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Suffix

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-len

  1. Alternative form of -elen

Turkish

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Etymology

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Inherited from Ottoman Turkish [Term?]. Analyzable as -le (noun-to-verb maker) + -n (reflexive mood).

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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preceding vowel
A / I / O / U E / İ / Ö / Ü
-lan -len

-len

  1. Forms passive verb stems from nouns.
    sinir (anger) + ‎-len → ‎sinirlenmek (to get angry)
    endişe (anxiety) + ‎-len → ‎endişelenmek (to get anxious)

Derived terms

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