πρεσβύτερος: difference between revisions
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Which means there is a semantic loan, because Christianity did not exist in Greek earlier than in Aramaic. Else too much a coincidence; also the sources confirm this notion. |
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===Etymology=== |
===Etymology=== |
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{{suffix|grc|πρέσβῠς|τερος|t1=aged”, “elder|pos2=suffix forming comparative degrees of adjectives}} |
{{suffix|grc|πρέσβῠς|τερος|t1=aged”, “elder|pos2=suffix forming comparative degrees of adjectives}}. The Christian religious meanings are a {{semantic loan|grc|syc|ܩܫܝܫܐ|tr=qaššīšā|nocap=1}}. |
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===Pronunciation=== |
===Pronunciation=== |
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* {{R:LSJ|pre/sbus|πρέσβῠς}} |
* {{R:LSJ|pre/sbus|πρέσβῠς}} |
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* {{R:Bailly}} |
* {{R:Bailly}} |
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* {{R:ar:Fraenkel|page=275}} |
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* {{R:ar:Rudolph|page=7}} |
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* {{R:Strong's|G|4245}} |
* {{R:Strong's|G|4245}} |
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* {{R:Woodhouse}} |
* {{R:Woodhouse}} |
Revision as of 22:10, 6 January 2018
Ancient Greek
Etymology
πρέσβῠς (présbus, “aged”, “elder”) + -τερος (-teros, suffix forming comparative degrees of adjectives). The Christian religious meanings are a semantic loan from Classical Syriac ܩܫܝܫܐ (qaššīšā).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /prez.bý.te.ros/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /prezˈby.te.ros/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /prezˈβy.te.ros/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /prezˈvy.te.ros/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /prezˈvi.te.ros/
Adjective
πρεσβῠ́τερος • (presbúteros) m (feminine πρεσβῠτέρᾱ, neuter πρεσβῠ́τερον); first/second declension
- older of two people
- advanced in life, senior
Declension
Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | πρεσβῠ́τερος presbúteros |
πρεσβῠτέρᾱ presbutérā |
πρεσβῠ́τερον presbúteron |
πρεσβῠτέρω presbutérō |
πρεσβῠτέρᾱ presbutérā |
πρεσβῠτέρω presbutérō |
πρεσβῠ́τεροι presbúteroi |
πρεσβῠ́τεραι presbúterai |
πρεσβῠ́τερᾰ presbútera | |||||
Genitive | πρεσβῠτέρου presbutérou |
πρεσβῠτέρᾱς presbutérās |
πρεσβῠτέρου presbutérou |
πρεσβῠτέροιν presbutéroin |
πρεσβῠτέραιν presbutérain |
πρεσβῠτέροιν presbutéroin |
πρεσβῠτέρων presbutérōn |
πρεσβῠτέρων presbutérōn |
πρεσβῠτέρων presbutérōn | |||||
Dative | πρεσβῠτέρῳ presbutérōi |
πρεσβῠτέρᾳ presbutérāi |
πρεσβῠτέρῳ presbutérōi |
πρεσβῠτέροιν presbutéroin |
πρεσβῠτέραιν presbutérain |
πρεσβῠτέροιν presbutéroin |
πρεσβῠτέροις presbutérois |
πρεσβῠτέραις presbutérais |
πρεσβῠτέροις presbutérois | |||||
Accusative | πρεσβῠ́τερον presbúteron |
πρεσβῠτέρᾱν presbutérān |
πρεσβῠ́τερον presbúteron |
πρεσβῠτέρω presbutérō |
πρεσβῠτέρᾱ presbutérā |
πρεσβῠτέρω presbutérō |
πρεσβῠτέρους presbutérous |
πρεσβῠτέρᾱς presbutérās |
πρεσβῠ́τερᾰ presbútera | |||||
Vocative | πρεσβῠ́τερε presbútere |
πρεσβῠτέρᾱ presbutérā |
πρεσβῠ́τερον presbúteron |
πρεσβῠτέρω presbutérō |
πρεσβῠτέρᾱ presbutérā |
πρεσβῠτέρω presbutérō |
πρεσβῠ́τεροι presbúteroi |
πρεσβῠ́τεραι presbúterai |
πρεσβῠ́τερᾰ presbútera | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
πρεσβῠ́τερον presbúteron |
(πρεσβῠ́τερος) (presbúteros) |
(πρεσβῠ́τερος) (presbúteros) | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
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Noun
πρεσβῠ́τερος • (presbúteros) m (genitive πρεσβῠτέρου); second declension
- a term of rank or office
- a member of the Jewish Sanhedrin
- in the New Testament, a group that presided over the assemblies or congregations: elder, presbyter
Declension
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ πρεσβῠ́τερος ho presbúteros |
τὼ πρεσβῠτέρω tṑ presbutérō |
οἱ πρεσβῠ́τεροι hoi presbúteroi | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ πρεσβῠτέρου toû presbutérou |
τοῖν πρεσβῠτέροιν toîn presbutéroin |
τῶν πρεσβῠτέρων tôn presbutérōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ πρεσβῠτέρῳ tôi presbutérōi |
τοῖν πρεσβῠτέροιν toîn presbutéroin |
τοῖς πρεσβῠτέροις toîs presbutérois | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν πρεσβῠ́τερον tòn presbúteron |
τὼ πρεσβῠτέρω tṑ presbutérō |
τοὺς πρεσβῠτέρους toùs presbutérous | ||||||||||
Vocative | πρεσβῠ́τερε presbútere |
πρεσβῠτέρω presbutérō |
πρεσβῠ́τεροι presbúteroi | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Descendants
- → Latin: presbyter (see there for further descendants)
- → Russian: пресви́тер (presvíter)
References
- “πρέσβῠς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- πρεσβύτερος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 275
- Rudolph, Wilhelm (1922) Die Abhängigkeit des Qorans von Judentum und Christentum (in German), Stuttgart: W. Kohlhammer, page 7
- G4245 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -τερος
- Ancient Greek semantic loans from Classical Syriac
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Classical Syriac
- Ancient Greek 4-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek non-lemma forms
- Ancient Greek comparative adjectives
- Ancient Greek proparoxytone terms
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns
- Ancient Greek second-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension