estovoir

Old French

Alternative forms

• estuveir, estoveir, estover

Etymology

From Latin est opus + the French verbal suffix -oir, from Latin -ēre.

Verb

estovoir

1. (impersonal) to be necessary

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb has a stressed present stem estuev distinct from the unstressed stem estov, as well as other irregularities. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of estovoir (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		estovoir			avoir esteü
gerund		en estovant			gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle		estovant
past participle		esteü
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	—	—	estuet	—	—	—
	imperfect	—	—	estovoit, estoveit	—	—	—
	preterite	—	—	estut	—	—	—
	future	—	—	estovra	—	—	—
	conditional	—	—	estovroit, estovreit	—	—	—
compound tenses	present perfect	present tense of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	preterite tense of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future tense of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	—	—	estuisse, estuist, estuece	—	—	—
	imperfect	—	—	esteüst	—	—	—
compound tenses	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
		—	—	—	—	—	—

Noun

estovoir oblique singular, m (oblique plural estovoirs, nominative singular estovoirs, nominative plural estovoir)

1. obligation