Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ūraz
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Alternative reconstructions
Etymology
Uncertain; hypotheses include:
- Cognate with Sanskrit उष्ट्र (úṣṭra, “buffalo”), Persian اشتر (uštur), from Proto-Indo-European *(H)us-r-(en-) (“(red) bull, aurochs”), from *h₂ews-r- (“dawn”) after its reddish color.[1] (See *austraz.)
- From Proto-Indo-European *(u)rs-én- (“male animal”).[2][3] Kroonen assumes that the an-stem form is original and was replaced dialectally by a u-stem, to which he finds a parallel development in *arô (“eagle”).
- From Proto-Indo-European *awǝ-, *ewǝ- (“flowing water”), analogous to the derivation of *uhsô. If so, then related to Old Norse úr (“dampness, fine rain, drizzle”), Old English ēar (“sea, ocean”). (See *auraz, *ūrą.) (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Noun
*ūraz m
Inflection
| masculine a-stemDeclension of *ūraz (masculine a-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | *ūraz | *ūrōz, *ūrōs | |
| vocative | *ūr | *ūrōz, *ūrōs | |
| accusative | *ūrą | *ūranz | |
| genitive | *ūras, *ūris | *ūrǫ̂ | |
| dative | *ūrai | *ūramaz | |
| instrumental | *ūrō | *ūramiz | |
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *ūr
- Old Norse: úrr
- Gothic: 𐌿𐍂𐍃 (urs)
- →? Latin: urus
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Gąsiorowski, Piotr (2012) “The Germanic reflexes of PIE *-sr- in the context of Verner's Law”, in Benedicte Nielsen Whitehead, Thomas Olander, Birgit Anette Olsen, and Jens Elmegard Rasmussen, editors, The Sound of Indo-European: Phonetics, Phonemics, and Morphophonemics, page 120
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*ūru-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 561
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*ūruz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology[1], Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 437