gần

See also: Appendix:Variations of "gan"

Vietnamese

Alternative forms

• (North Central Vietnam) gưn
• (North Central Vietnam) gin

Etymology

From Proto-Vietic *t-kəɲ. Traditionally regarded as a non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 近 (SV: cận).

There have been some proposals, including Miyake (2015) and Trần Trí Dõi (2016), that this term is not a loanword. The earliest layer of Sinitic loans in Vietic usually show the shift of *-r > *-n characteristic of the later stages of Old Chinese. However, there is no motivation for the shift of this *-n to *-ɲ (Rục kept Vietic *-n as is after all vowels). Furthermore, the tonal mismatch, where Vietnamese tone reflects neither the *-s nor *-ʔ of Sinitic, is also questionable.

In any case, cognate with Muong Bi khênh, Chut [Rục] təkiɲ¹, Arem kɨ̀ɲ.

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [ɣən˨˩]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [ɣəŋ˦˩]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [ɣəŋ˨˩]

Adjective

gần • (𧵆)

1. near; nearby; close (to)

   Antonyms: xa, ngái

Adverb

gần • (𧵆)

1. nearly; almost

See also

Derived terms

• gần gũi (từ láy)
• gần gụi (từ láy)
• gần như
• gần xa
• gần xịt
• xa gần

 

See also

• hầu như